We report on electroluminescence (EL) emission from AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). Intensity maxima at the drain-side edge of the gate foot and at the drain-side edge of the gate field plate are observed. To relate the EL intensity profile to the electric field along the channel, 2D device simulations have been performed at different drain biases. The dependences of both EL maxima on the electric field reveal a threshold which closely correlates with the electric field strength at which a transfer of conduction band electrons from the zone centre minimum to satellite valleys sets in. We further analyze the dependence of the EL spectra on the drain voltage. The obtained results strongly suggest that the EL emission observed in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs is dominated by radiative inter-valley electron transitions.

Results from on-wafer electroluminescence (EL) microscopy on AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors with leakage currents varying over four orders of magnitude are presented. In the off-state region the integrated EL intensity is proportional to the leakage current and independent of gate width for the devices under study. The slope of the integrated EL-leakage current dependence is determined by the electrical field in the source-drain direction. The influence of the GaN cap thickness is small or even negligible for higher drain bias. Stress during accelerated aging results in enhanced degradation for areas of enhanced leakage current and/or electric field values.

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An AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) stressed at 10 GHz and increased channel temperatures of T ≈ 260 °C has been analyzed by electroluminescence microscopy (ELM) and infrared thermography (IRT). After stress a negative threshold shift is seen in the electrical characteristics. Based on the current dependence of the electroluminescence (EL) intensity image and a local increase of T this shift can be assigned to the degradation of one of its gate fingers. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of this gate finger revealed structural changes along the drain-side edge of the gate.