Introduction: Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition with itchy eczematous lesions, mostly found in children, and may affect a patient’s quality of life. Individuals with AD were found to have dysbiosis of gut microbial, which may alter the immunologic tolerance of mucosa, causing inflammation and affecting skin conditions. Dietary fiber or prebiotics consumption may have a role in reversing dysbiosis and may affect AD. In this literature review, the authors would like to further explore the role of dietary fiber or prebiotics in the prevention and severity of AD/ Methods: Relevant literature research was conducted in several sources: Pubmed, EBSCOHOST, Proquest, and Google Scholar, using keywords “atopic dermatitis, atopic eczema, dietary fiber, prebiotic, nutrition.” Studies published within the last 10 years were included. Discussions: Dietary fiber, particularly soluble fibers and those which can be fermented by gut bacteria (including prebiotics), plays a role in maintaining homeostasis of normal gut flora by producing SCFA, which increases the gut barrier, has anti-inflammatory properties, balances Th1/Th2 ratio, increases lymphocytes in gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) system, and increases secretion of intestinal IgA. The role of dietary fiber/prebiotics in the prevention or decreasing rate of AD is still a matter of debate. Several studies showed no effect or correlation of prebiotic supplementation in decreasing the AD rate in pregnant women or babies with a high risk of atopy. On the other hand, several studies on prebiotic supplementation for babies and children have shown the benefits of prebiotic supplementation in preventing allergies (AD, rhinoconjunctivitis, and urticaria). Conclusion: The role of dietary fiber/prebiotics in preventing or treating AD is still a matter of debate. Different study results make it difficult to conclude the clinical effect of prebiotics in allergy prevention, particularly AD. This may be caused by the heterogeneous studies and the limited number of studies on humans. Further studies (RCT) involving large-scale respondents are needed to define the effects of prebiotic supplementation in the prevention or alternative therapy for AD.

Background: Acne vulgaris (AV) is a chronic inflammation of the pilosebaceous unit of the skin that occurs in 85% of adolescents and can continue into adulthood. The skin of the facial area has an essential role in socializing, therefore, facial AV can contribute to the accumulation of psychosocial stress. The prevalence of individuals with AV seeking treatments is low in some countries. This study aimed to determine the association between psychosocial burdens due to AV and medical treatment-seeking behavior in young adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in February 2020 among 100 medical students with AV. The ASEAN Lehmann criteria were used to objectively assessed AV. Psychosocial burden was determined by the Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI) questionnaire and then classified into unaffected (score 0), mild (score 1-5), moderate (6-10), and severe (11-15). History-related AV was obtained through a questionnaire. The analysis was performed using the chi-square test. Results: Of the 100 medical students with AV, 82% had suffered from mild to severe psychosocial burdens. The mean score of the CADI was 4.03. However, only 44% of students sought treatment from doctors for their AV. There was a significant association between psychosocial burden and medical treatment-seeking behavior (p=0.014). Conclusions:The psychosocial burden of acne vulgaris in young adults is high, however, medical treatment-seeking behavior is low. Therefore, psychosocial management is an essential aspect in treating patients with AV.

No abstract

<p>Psoriasis merupakan penyakit inflamasi kronis kulit dengan predisposisi genetik dan autoimun yang kuat. Prevalensi psoriasis di seluruh dunia adalah 0,09% sampai 5,1%, bervariasi antar negara. Psoriasis dikarakteristikkan dengan lesi plak eritematosa yang dilapisi skuama tebal putih keabuan, biasanya memiliki predileksi simestris di siku, lutut, trunk, dan scalp. Terapi sebagian besar menggunakan imunomodulator atau imunosupresan untuk psoriasis derajat sedang hingga berat. Sudah terdapat beberapa penelitian efek samping dan rekomendasi dosis obat-obatan di era COVID-19. Penggunaan terapi tersebut dalam era pandemi COVID-19 harus hati-hati dan tetap menjaga imunitas pasien.</p><p>Psoriasis is a chronic skin inflammatory disease with a strong genetic and autoimmune predisposition. The prevalence of psoriasis worldwide is 0.09% to 5.1%, varies among countries. Psoriasis is characterized by erythematous plaque lesions covered in thick gray-white scales, usually have a symmetrical predilection on the elbows, knees, trunk, and scalp. Immunomodulators or immunosuppressants are commonly used for moderate to severe psoriasis. There have been several studies on side effects and recommendations for the necessary dosage adjustments in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. Careful use is important to maintain patient's immunity.</p>

Psoriasis merupakan penyakit inflamasi kronis kulit dengan predisposisi genetik dan autoimun yang kuat. Prevalensi psoriasis di seluruh dunia adalah 0,09% sampai 5,1%, bervariasi antar negara. Psoriasis dikarakteristikkan dengan lesi plak eritematosa yang dilapisi skuama tebal putih keabuan, biasanya memiliki predileksi simestris di siku, lutut, trunk, dan scalp. Terapi sebagian besar menggunakan imunomodulator atau imunosupresan untuk psoriasis derajat sedang hingga berat. Sudah terdapat beberapa penelitian efek samping dan rekomendasi dosis obatobatan di era COVID-19. Penggunaan terapi tersebut dalam era pandemi COVID-19 harus hati-hati dan tetap menjaga imunitas pasien. Psoriasis is a chronic skin inflammatory disease with a strong genetic and autoimmune predisposition. The prevalence of psoriasis worldwide is 0.09% to 5.1%, varies among countries. Psoriasis is characterized by erythematous plaque lesions covered in thick gray-white scales, usually have a symmetrical predilection on the elbows, knees, trunk, and scalp. Immunomodulators or immunosuppressants are commonly used for moderate to severe psoriasis. There have been several studies on side effects and recommendations for the necessary dosage adjustments in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. Careful use is important to maintain patient’s immunity