The development of the industry that is increasingly making businesses try to be competitive by increasing technical knowledge and improving systems both internally and externally. PDCA is a quality management system that is used as a continuous improve­ment tool that is widely used in the service and manufacturing sectors. PDCA activities consist of four steps namely Plan, Do, Check, and Action with repeated stages forming like a circle. PDCA is a continuous improvement tool that is widely used in the services and manufacturing sector. The cycle of PDCA begins with small to check possible effects on systems, but then eventually progresses to larger and more specific improvements. The results of the implementation PDCA method can be used to solve the problems of qualitative and quantitative data problems that have been widely applied in the service and manufacturing sectors for continuous improvement and as a work pattern in improving a process or system in an organization and increasing productivity. The method used in this research is the literature review research paper has been published in 2015-2020 that have consistently applied the PDCA cycle. The result of this literature review is to describe the relationship between thinking or gaps in theoretical and practical thinking about the application of the PDCA method and the successful implementation in the service and manufacturing sectors as a contribution to further research.

The Six Sigma approach has received a lot of attention in various industrial sectors from the manufacturing industry to the service industry. More specific knowledge about Six Sigma has grown rapidly. Much of the training and research on Six Sigma is carried out in various industries and university. This literature review related to Six Sigma purpose to provide an overview of Six Sigma implementation in the manufacturing industries.  The Six Sigma approach that has been introduced and implemented for a long time is DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control). This paper discusses the published literature related to Six Sigma ranging from 2015 to 2020. This paper involves the study review of 50 papers related to the implementation of Six Sigma of known database search including Elsevier, Science Direct, Emerald Insight and Google Scholars. This literature review contains results from a variety of different perspectives. The perspective includes the focus of the industry, the focus of the number of distribution by country, the focus of the year of publication and the focus of the number of publishers. In fact, this is useful for all types of manufacturing industries to find solutions to problems. The paper also provides advantages for researchers next to add to the literature.

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Business competition is increasingly fierce, demanding that companies must provide the best products and services to customers. The quality of a product or service is an essential aspect for the continuity of a business, especially those attribute items that are directly felt by customers when purchasing or using a product. This study was aimed to analyze the quality of service to customers in a hospital-based on customer preferences. Customer assessment of each hospital quality indicator was performed through filling out questionnaires by inpatients, to determine the gap between the importance and performance levels. The analytical method used was Importance-Performance Analysis-IPA. As many as 25 quality indicators are identified from SERVQUAL. The quality dimension that becomes a priority for improved performance is related to Reliability, Assurance, and Empathy.

The development of digitalization has a positive impact to opportunity expand an innovation as a form of continuous improvement. One of the manufacturing companies, PT TCH, wants to implement Industry 4.0 innovation with the thought of integrating data and analytics supply chains. One of its applications is labeling error with a proportion value of 66% with an average error of 328 by creating a warning system for the Kanban system through the application of Quality Control Circle (QCC). The improvements made applying concepts Plan, Do, Check, and Action (PDCA) analysis by making improvements to the labeling system created from the PO database in marketing and creating a visualization of parts to help leverage product suitability. The results showed improvement with the decrease in cycle time from 265 seconds to 215 seconds and saving the cost IDR 70.48391 million / year. This research contributes theoretically in demonstrating the success of the application of QCC and in practical terms, it can provide a continuous increase in productivity and an actual decrease in process activities in the company.