1grEgOr FEINDt, FÉlIX KraWatZEK, DaNIEla MEhlEr, FrIEDEMaNN PEStEl, aND rIEKE trIMÇEv aBStraCt this essay takes up the call for a "third phase" in memory studies and makes theoretical and methodological suggestions for its further development. Starting from an understanding of memory that centers on memory's temporality, its relation to language, and its quality as a social action, the essay puts forward the concept of "entangled memory." On a theoretical level, it brings to the fore the entangledness of acts of remembering. In a synchronic perspective, memory's entangledness is presented as twofold. Every act of remembering inscribes an individual in multiple social frames. this polyphony entails the simultaneous existence of concurrent interpretations of the past. In a diachronic perspective, memory is entangled in the dynamic relation between single acts of remembering and changing mnemonic patterns. Memory scholars therefore uncover boundless crossreferential configurations. Wishing to enhance the dialogue between the theoretical and the empirical parts of memory studies, we propose four devices that serve as a heuristic in the study of memory's entanglement: chronology against time, conflict, generations, and self-reflexivity. Current debates on European memory permit us to explore the possible benefits that the concept of entangled memory carries for memory studies.

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The Mémoires de Wéber, concernant Marie-Antoinette were of central importance to the wave of memoirs of the French Revolution published during the Restoration period. Commonly attributed to Joseph Weber, Marie-Antoinette's foster brother, the Mémoires' authorship has always remained doubtful. This article discusses the text's complex origins in the London émigré community around 1800 and analyzes the process by which it became a canonic eyewitness account with its republication in 1822. In light of newly discovered sources and recent scholarly interest in the emigration and postrevolutionary period, this article reexamines the Mémoires as a case of ghostwriting revolving around royalist loyalties, public emotions, and publication strategies. Highlighting personal networks reaching from the Revolution to the emigration and into Restoration France, this article makes a case for reconsidering generational factors, long-term relations, and interpretative struggles among the eyewitnesses of the Revolution in a period when memoirs became a key element of turning the Revolution into contemporary history. Les Mémoires de Wéber, concernant Marie-Antoinette ont contribué de manière décisive à la vague des mémoires sur la Révolution française publiés pendant la Restauration. Généralement attribué à Joseph Weber, le frère de lait de Marie-Antoinette, la paternité littéraire de ce texte a pourtant toujours été douteuse. Cet article retrace les origines complexes du manuscrit au sein de la communauté d'émigrés à Londres autour de 1800. A travers l'édition de 1822, il démontre comment les Mémoires de Wéber se transformaient ensuite en témoignage oculaire canonique. Utilisant des sources jusque-là inconnues et des travaux récents sur l'émigration et la période postrévolutionnaire, nous proposons de réexaminer ces Mémoires comme un exemple de « ghostwriting » influencé par des loyautés royalistes, des émotions publiques et des stratégies de publication. En mettant l'accent sur les réseaux personnels reliant Révolution, émigration et Restauration, cet article souligne les facteurs générationnels, les relations à long terme et les combats d'interprétation parmi les témoins oculaires de la Révolution à une époque où les mémoires formaient un élément-clé de l'histoire contemporaine émergente de la Révolution française.