Isolation of Pasteurella multocida was attempted from the heart blood, spleen, liver and lung collected from rabbits (4 No,s) suspected to have died of pasteurellosis. A total of four P. multocida isolates were isolated and identified on the basis of biochemical characteristics, pathogenicity studies in mice and PM-PCR. The In vitro antibiotic sensitivity test of the organisms was conducted which revealed that all the four isolates showed sensitivity to Gentamicin and Oflaxacin. Three of them were sensitive to Enrofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin. Two isolates showed sensitivity to Doxycycline and Chloramphenicol. Only one isolate was found sensitive to Nalidixic acid. All the isolates were resistant to Doxycycline, Erythromycin, Neomycin, Ampicillin, Penicillin, Cephalexin and Poymixin B. Based on the antibiotic sensitivity test, Gentamicin was recommended as a drug of choice for the treatment of Pasteurellosis in rabbits and the disease was controlled.

A total of 677 serum samples were collected from cattle and buffaloes with different clinical conditions and suspected for leptospirosis included abortion, repeat breeding, jaundice, haemorrhagic mastitis and apparently healthy animals, from a private farm in Gujarat state. The serum samples were subjected to seroprevalence studies using MAT. The seropositivity was found to be 34.74 per cent in cattle and 54.14 per cent in buffaloes. Among the 12 serovars against which the serum samples were screened, only five serovars namely, australis, ballum, hardjo, hebdomadis and pomona were found to be prevalent among the cattle and buffaloes. Among the cattle breeds subjected in the present study, the risk of leptospirosis was more in exotic pure breeds (50.00 per cent), followed by indigenous pure breeds (34.38 per cent) and cross breeds (32.74 per cent). Amongst the three age groups studied, the risk of leptospirosis was more in the cattle of age group above seven years (55.88 per cent), followed by four to seven years (51.28 per cent) and below seven years (28.42 per cent). This study revealed more seropositivity in males (53.71 per cent) than in females (14.18 per cent). Among three breeds of buffaloes screened, the susceptibility to leptospirosis was found to be more in Murrah (58.25 per cent), followed by Pandhapuri (40.91 per cent) and Jaffrabadi (37.50 per cent). As regards the age of buffaloes, the seropositivity was found to be increasing with age group and results are very similar with the results observed in cattle. Among the buffaloes, the disease prevalence was observed more in males (57.89 per cent) than females (44.73 per cent).

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Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease of cattle associated with pathogenic leptospiral infection. This study focuses in the use of a molecular tool to detect pathogenic leptospiral infection in bovines by targeting the outer membrane proteins LipL32 and LipL21 simultaneously in a multiplex PCR. Sixteen pathogenic reference strains and 10 bovine serum samples were analyzed for simultaneous detection of both genes at appropriate annealing conditions. These findings are suggestive of the fact that multiplex PCR can be used to detect major outer membrane proteins of pathogenic leptospira from serum samples. Further it aided in the differentiation of pathogenic and non-pathogenic species of leptospires too. This study will definitely serve as a valuable tool, as it suggests the importance of LipL32 genes as potential candidates for vaccine development to control animal Leptospirosis.