Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of chemomechanical caries removal (Carisolv™) in reducing the count of cariogenic flora and compare it to conventional drilling.Materials: The study group consisted of 20 healthy children aged between four and eight years. In each child, two primary molars with broad occlusal cavitated lesions were chosen for caries removal either with Carisolv™ or by conventional drilling. Dentin samples of both groups were taken prior to and following caries removal. They were then processed after suitable dilutions and cultured using Schaedler agar for the Total Viable Bacteria and MRS agar for the lactobacilli. After incubation at 35°C for 3 days, the Total Viable Count and lactobacilli count was determined and expressed as Colony Forming Units per ml. The two methods of caries removal were then compared and the data was statistically analyzed. Both methods reduced the TVC count by 92% and lactobacilli count by 91%. Results have indicated that the antimicrobial efficacy of Carisolv™ was comparable to that of conventional drilling and can be used as a suitable alternative for caries removal, especially in children.

In comparison to the control group, incorporation of propolis to conventional restorative glass ionomer cement decreased the compressive strength significantly. The solubility of the cement in the experimental group increased significantly over 7day period as compared to the control group.

In comparison to the control group, incorporation of propolis to conventional restorative glass ionomer cement decreased the compressive strength significantly. The solubility of the cement in the experimental group increased significantly over 7day period as compared to the control group.

Witkop's tooth and nail syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder of ectodermal dysplasia characterized by hypodontia and nail dysplasia. Mutations in MSX-1 have been shown to be associated with this syndrome. There is failure of development and eruption of the dentition. Tooth shape may vary; the most common forms are conical and narrow crowns. The nails may be spoon shaped and slow growing and affect both finger and toe nails. The nail involvement is more severe in childhood. The present case describes a 14-year-old boy who showed the characteristic features of Witkop's syndrome. A multifaceted approach to the dental management of the patient is discussed.

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