accidentes ocurridos en ese periodo se atribuyeron a dormirse al volante y a somnolencia. La información recopilada apuntó a la alta peligrosidad y mortalidad de los accidentes relacionados con sueño; también se demostró la existencia de una relación con los efectos circadianos, concluyendo que la mayoría de los accidentes se producen entre las 2 y 6 de la madrugada. 2 Los registros de la Comisión Nacional de Seguridad de Tránsito [CONASET] 3 , emplazan a los usuarios de camiones, con un total de 5.979 accidentes, 78 personas fallecidas y 1.539 lesionados. De acuerdo a los análisis realizados por CONASET 3 , los accidentes se clasifican, a nivel general, según las siguientes causas: alcohol en conductor, pérdida de control de vehículo, desobediencia a señalización, imprudencia del conductor y otras causas. Es importante considerar dentro de las causas que generan accidentes, la disminución de la concentración durante la ejecución de una tarea en un turno nocturno, debido a la somnolencia producida en ese momento de la jornada, ya que al disminuir la eficiencia en el trabajo, aumenta la posibilidad de errores y de INTRODUCCIÓNEn Chile existe un total de 35.625 empresas cuya actividad económica es el transporte de carga por carretera, siendo los sectores con mayor participación el de construcción, con un 26% y forestal con un 20%. 1 Un estudio de la Universidad de Génova, Italia, realizado el año 2011, determinó que un 3,2% del total de RESUMENCon el objetivo de determinar la influencia de los niveles de estrés, trastornos del sueño y carga organizacional en la accidentabilidad de conductores que trabajan en diferentes sistemas de turnos se realizó un estudio en una empresa de transporte forestal. Las variables estudiadas fueron: estrés, trastornos del sueño (insomnio, somnolencia, apnea del sueño y síndrome de piernas inquietas), factores de riesgo psicosocial, impacto de los turnos y accidentabilidad. Como resultado se determinó que el turno rotativo presentó mayor cantidad de conductores con presencia de trastornos del sueño que el turno diurno. La evaluación de riesgos psicosociales clasificó al turno diurno con riesgo alto nivel 1 y al turno rotativo sin riesgo. A modo de conclusión se determinó que existe relación entre accidentabilidad y las variables evaluadas, presentándose correlaciones significativas para el turno diurno, entre accidentabilidad, estrés y apoyo social; en cambio, el turno rotativo, presentó una correlación significativa entre accidentabilidad y compensaciones. ABSTRACTA study was conducted in a transport company, in order to determine the influence of organizational burden and sleep disorders in both rotating shift and daytime shifts of truck drivers. The studied variables were: stress, sleep disorders (insomnia, drowsiness, sleep apnea and restless leg syndrome), psychosocial risk factors, impact of working shifts and accidents. It found more frequency of drivers with sleep disorder in rotating shift than daytime shift. The daytime shift was describe as high psychosocial risk, level 1...
The drivers of forestry transport work for long periods of time, which implies an increase in fatigue and which, added to both personal and environmental factors, affect the ability to respond to immediate reactions, which can trigger unwanted driving events. Therefore, it is necessary to inquire about the personality of individuals and their relationship with the behavior they manifest in their work environment. A study was carried out in 2 companies in the forest transport sector, with the aim of analyzing the relationship between psychosocial risk factors, the level of personality traits that drivers have and their possible effect on accident rates. The sample consisted of 62 drivers, grouped into two classifications, depending on accident conditions, in accidents and not accidents. Psychosocial risk was assessed using the SUSESO/ISTAS 21 questionnaire, and specialized tests were used for personality trais, self-esteem, impulsivity, locus of control and tension; In addition, a sociodemographic record was made. The results of the psychosocial risk assessment determined that both companies were exposed to low risk. Depending on accident condition, in both groups the same level of self-esteem was obtained and the absence of stress prevailed. For the accident condition, the tendency was to manifest high levels of impulsivity; and, for the condition without accident, to present locus of external control. Significant differences were determined, according to the accident rate, only in the psychosocial risk dimension, active work and skills development. For the group with accidents, active work and skills development, it was the dimension that presented a greater number of significant correlations, both with other dimensions of psychosocial risk, as well as with perceived stress; however, in the group without accidents, the greatest number of significant correlations occurred between double presence and personality traits impulsivity, locus of control and tension.
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