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The problem of resolution in antenna ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is very important for the investigation and detection of buried targets. We should solve this problem with software or a numeric method. The purposes of this paper are the modelling and simulation resolution of antenna radar GPR using three antennas, arrays (as in the software REFLEXW), the antenna dipole (as in GprMax2D), and a bow-tie antenna (as in the experimental results). The numeric code has been developed for study resolution antennas by scattered electric fields in mode B-scan. Three frequency antennas (500, 800, and 1,000 MHz) have been used in this work. The simulation results were compared with experimental results obtained by Rial and colleagues under the same conditions.

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This research studied the detection of cavities and other abnormalities in subsoil utilizing ground penetrating radar (GPR) and an algorithm developed under MATLAB. The study also analyzed and modeled GPR signals to find the exact location of cavities in the subsoil. The algorithm was based on the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method to simulate cavities and compare them with an experimental study. This study used GPR with 400 MHz and 200 MHz to investigate and detect cavities. Three different areas were chosen with different proprieties of subsoil to detect the cavities: mountainous, coastal, and lowland areas. The results show high accuracy in the detection of cavities using GPR.