A horn antenna with circular aperture is proposed and designed based on the variation of the attenuation amplitude and the attenuation of electromagnetic wave in pipeline in the present paper. The simulation and tests show that the gain of the antenna is 15 dB and the return loss is À12.5 dB. The simulation and experimental results of simulated pipeline water cut test also show that the antenna was used to measure the water content in the range of 0%-100% of the water and oil in the pipeline. The water cut measurement of water and oil is less affected by the mixing type of oil-water mixture in the pipeline, because the main lobe of the antenna is located in the pipeline and the antenna has good directivity. The design of antenna in microwave sensor is useful for the field-testing and fundamental research.

Purpose This paper aims to introduce a high-temperature grease design method assisted by back propagation neural network (BPNN) and verify its application value. Design/methodology/approach First, the grease data sets were built by sorting out the base data of greases in a large number of literatures and textbooks. Second, the BPNN model was built, trained and tested. Then, the optimized BPNN model was used to search the unknown data space and find the composition of greases with excellent high-temperature performance. Finally, a grease was prepared according to the selected composition predicted by the model and the high-temperature physicochemical performance, high-temperature stability and tribological properties under different friction conditions were investigated. Findings Through high temperature tribology experiments, thermal gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry experiments, it is proved that the high temperature grease prepared based on BPNN has good high-temperature performance. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, a new method of designing and exploring high-temperature greases is successfully proposed, which is useful and important for the industrial applications.

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