Facial disfigurement affects the functional, social and psychological well-being of an individual. It reduces an individual’s self esteem and acceptance in the society. It can be congenital or acquired. Prosthetic rehabilitation and surgical reconstruction techniques are the ways to lessen or diminish the problems associated with facial disfigurement. Prosthetic rehabilitation is favored as it is less invasive and affordable. The success of a prosthetic rehabilitation of any part relies on the availability of a method of attaching the artificial substitute securely to its place. Various means of retention have been developed over the years from metal bands to implants. With the advancing technology, in cases where anatomic undercuts are futile, craniofacial implants prove to be a boon for rehabilitation. In this literature review, the various modes of retention available for maxillofacial prostheses were assessed and appraised.

Aim & Objective: Schools are the valuable platform for promotion of oral health and preschool teachers can prove to be beneficial in disseminating oral health education for children because of the vulnerability to dental diseases during this period. Hence, the objective of the study was to evaluate the oral health knowledge, attitude and self-practices of the preschool teachers.Material and Method: A cross sectional study was conducted among hundred preschool teachers in Bhopal, India. Schools were randomly selected and the teachers were invited to participate in the study. Results: Ninety five percent school teachers had knowledge about importance of oral health care for children. 92.1% of them felt it is important to prevent deciduous teeth from caries. 80.2% of them were aware of the different aids used in oral health care of children like rinsing mouth with water, tooth brushing, tongue cleaning and mouthwashes; 91.1% of the teachers advised the child to rinse his/her mouth after meals, 81.2% knew a child should brush his / her teeth twice daily and 68.3% of them reported about the dental problem in the child to his/her parent. 57.4% responded that the amount of toothpaste applied over the toothbrush for children should be pea sized and 51.5% responded circular technique should be used while brushing the teeth of children. Conclusion: Preschool teachers possess satisfactory knowledge regarding dental caries and few of them knew about the importance of regular visit to the dentist. Most of the schools were not linked with a dental school for children's regular dental checkup and most of the preschool teacher's required training in oral health care of children.

Aim - The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the peri-implant strain transmitted through splinted and non-splinted prostheses cemented on implants of two different lengths (8mm and 11.5mm) when subjected to an axial load. Method – The study was conducted on two polypropylene models on which implants of 8mm and 11.5mm length were placed in the molar region. Splinted and non-splinted prostheses were cemented to the implant abutments placed on the implants. Metal jig simulating the anatomy of the opposing tooth was casted and adapted to the prostheses. An axial load of 400N was applied to the assembly using Universal testing machine. The peri implant strain transmitted through these prostheses was recorded using strain gauges attached to Wheatstone bridge circuit. RESULT – The observations showed that implant length and splinting of the prostheses, both significantly affect the peri implant strain as analysed by one way ANOVA statistical test. [F(3,36) = 1882.81 P<0.05]. Lowest peri implant strain was observed in splinted prosthesis cemented on implant with 11.5mm length followed by non-splinted prosthesis on 11.5mm length implant followed by splinted prosthesis on 8mm length implant followed by non-splinted prosthesis on 8mm length implant.