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Objectives Cumulus cells play a crucial role as essential mediators in the maturation of ova. Ginger contains 10-gingerol, which induces apoptosis in colon cancer cells. Based on this hypothesis, this study aimed to determine whether 10-gingerol is able to induce apoptosis in normal cells, namely, cumulus cells. Methods This study used an in vitro analysis by culturing Cumulus cells in M199 containing 10-gingerol in various concentrations (12, 16, and 20 μM) and later detected early apoptotic activity using an Annexin V-FITC detection kit. Result The in vitro data revealed that the number of apoptosis cells increased along with the period of incubation as follows: 12 μM (63.71% ± 2.192%); 16 μM (74.51% ± 4.596%); and 20 μM (78.795% ± 1.435%). The substance 10-gingerol induces apoptosis in cumulus cells by inhibiting HTR1A functions and inactivating GSK3B and AKT-1. Conclusions These findings indicate that further examination is warranted for 10-gingerol as a contraception agent.

ABSTRAKKajian ini dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Minahasa-Propinsi Sulawesi Utara untuk mengestimasi berat hidup sapi Peranakan Ongole (PO) dengan menggunakan ukuran lingkar dada dan panjang badan induk. Data berat hidup [(live weight) LW], panjang badan [(body length) BL], dan lingkar dada [(chest girth) CG] diambil dari sapi betina PO induk (n=363) yang dipelihara secara tradisional oleh para petani. Analisis regresi dipakai untuk menduga LW dari semua ukuran linear tubuh. Data dikelompokkan berdasarkan umur ternak. Umur ternak terdiri dari lima kelompok dengan kelompok umur pertama pada dua setengah tahun sampai kelompok umur ke lima pada umur tujuh setengah tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa umur mempengaruhi ukuran-ukuran tubuh secara signifikan (P<0,05). Korelasi antara semua pasangan hasil-hasil pengukuran ternak adalah sangat signifikan (P<0,001) pada semua kelompok umur. Analisis regresi berganda menunjukkan bahwa berat hidup dapat diprediksi dengan tepat dari lingkar dada dan panjang badan (R 2 =0,97). Model regresi berganda yang dapat disarankan memrediksi berat hidup sapi berdasarkan kedua variabel tersebut dengan kelompok umur berkisar dari umur 2,5 sampai ≥7,5 tahun adalah: Berat hidup [(LW) kg] = -806,410 + 4,79835 CG (cm) + 2,83500 BL (cm). Kata kunci: Sapi betina induk PO, estimasi berat hidup, ukuran linear tubuh ABSTRACTA study was conducted to estimate live weight in Ongole grade cow using its chest girth and body length in North Sulawesi province. Data on animal live weight (LW), body length (BL) and chest girth (CG) were collected from all cows (n=363) kept by traditional household farmers. Regression analysis was carried out to estimate LW from all linear body measurements. Data were classified based on age of animals consisted of five groups with the first age group of two and half years old, to the fifth age group of seven and half years old. The results showed that age significantly (P<0.05) influenced all body measurements. Correlations between all pairs of measurements were highly significant (P<0.001) for all age groups. Regression analysis showed that live weight could be predicted accurately from chest girth and body length (R 2 =0.97). Multiple regression model can be recommended to predict live weight of Ongole grade cows based on those variables with their age groups ranging from 2.5 to ≥7.5 years old as follows: Live weight (kg) = -806.410 + 4.79835 CG (cm) + 2.83500 BL (cm).

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