ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the level of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and associated factors among hypertensive patients having follow-up at selected hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in 2022.SettingA hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in public and tertiary hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from 15 January 2022 to 30 July 2022.ParticipantsA total of 326 adult hypertensive patients who visited the chronic diseases clinic for follow-up were included in the study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresA high predicted 10-year CVD risk level was assessed using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and physical measurement (primary data) and reviews of medical data records (secondary data) by using a non-laboratory WHO risk prediction chart. Logistic regression with an adjusted OR (AOR) using a 95% CI was calculated for independent variables associated with 10-year CVD risk.ResultsThe prevalence of a high predicted 10-year CVD risk level was 28.2% (95% CI 10.34% to 33.2%) among the study participants. A higher CVD risk level was found to be associated with age (AOR 4.2 for age 64–74, 95% CI 1.67 to 10.66), being male (AOR 2.1, 95% CI 1.18, 3.67), unemployment (AOR 3.2, 95% CI 1.06 to 6.25) and stage 2 systolic blood pressure (AOR 11.32; 95% CI 3.43 to 37.46).ConclusionThe study showed that the respondent’s age, gender, occupation and high systolic blood pressure were determinant factors for CVD risks. Therefore, routine screening for the presence of CVD risk factors and assessment of CVD risk are recommended for hypertensive patients for CVD risk reduction.

Background Childhood infectious illness mainly diarrheal diseases, febrile illnesses, and acute respiratory tract infection remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children below five years. Delay and inappropriate healthcare-seeking behavior of caregivers’ were the major reason for under-five child death in developing countries including Ethiopia. According to WHO, a timely healthcare-seeking practice can effectively save the lives of children by 20%, particularly from ARIs, and significantly minimize morbidities. Therefore the aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of common childhood illness, healthcare-seeking behavior, and associated factors in Efratana Gidim District, East Amhara, Ethiopia, 2020. Methods A community based crossectional study was conducted from March 15 to April 15, 2020, among urban and rural respondents. Multistage sampling technique was employed with a total of 661 respondents by using semi-structured questionnaire through face to face interviews. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out to assess the association between healthcare-seeking behavior and predictor variables. Odds ratio along with 95% confidence interval was used to measure the strength of associations and statistical significance was considered at p-value < 0.05. Results the overall two weeks prevalence of childhood illness was 24.1%, (95% CI: 21.1%-27.3%) and 59.1%, (95% CI: 51.1%-66.8%) of caregivers sought treatment at health facility. Moreover, fever, cough, and diarrhea accounted for 16.9%, 16.8%, and 11% respectively. Caregivers’ level of education (AOR = 2.56:95%CI: 1.09, 5.99) and residence (0.26: 95%CI: 0.09, 0.73) were significant factors for childhood illness and experience of child death (AOR = 3.766; 95%CI: 1.726, 8.873), diarrheal symptoms (AOR = 3.914; 95%CI: 2.043, 10.828) and access to transportation (AOR = 3.352; 95%CI: 1.049, 10.710) were predictors of healthcare seeking behavior of caregivers. Conclusion the prevalence of common childhood illness was high however; treatment-seeking behavior of caregivers for common childhood illness was low. Caregivers’ experience of child death before, symptoms of diarrhea, and access to transportation were predictors of Healthcare-seeking behavior. Therefore repeated health education on basic prevention measures of common childhood illnesses and health promotion strategies to enhance caregivers’ Healthcare-seeking behavior are critically important. .

Background: Routine medical checkups are one strategy for detecting and treating noncommunicable diseases early. Despite the effort to prevent and control noncommunicable diseases in Ethiopia, the prevalence of the problem is significantly increasing. The aim of this study was to assess the uptake of routine medical checkups for common noncommunicable diseases and associated factors among healthcare professionals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in 2022. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted, enroling 422 healthcare providers in Addis Ababa. A simple random sampling method was used to select study participants. Data entry was made using Epi-data and exported to STATA for further analysis. A binary logistic regression model was used to determine predictors of routine medical checkups. In the multivariable analysis, the adjusted odds ratio along with a 95% confidence interval were determined. Explanatory variables whose p value less than 0.05 were selected as significant factors. Results: The overall uptake of routine medical checkups for common noncommunicable disease was 35.3% (95% CI: 32.34–38.26). Moreover, being married [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=2.60, 95% CI=1.42–4.76], income level less than 7071 (AOR=3.05, 95% CI=1.23–10.05), absence of chronic medical disease (AOR=0.40, 95% CI=0.18–0.88), good provider commitment (AOR=4.80, 95% CI=1.63–14.05), drinking alcohol (AOR=0.35, 95% CI=0.19–0.65), and poor perception of health status (AOR=2.1, 95% CI=1.01–4.44) were the significant factors. Conclusion: The uptake of routine medical checkups was found to be low, owing to marital status, level of income, perception of health status, drinking alcohol, the absence of chronic medical conditions, and the availability of committed providers, which needs intervention. We recommend using committed providers for noncommunicable diseases and considering fee waivers for healthcare professionals to increase uptake of routine medical checkups.

Background: Diabetes and depression are extremely common, devastating, and incapacitating diseases. Co-existing Depression in people with diabetes results in decreased adherence, poor health outcomes, higher diabetes complications, decreased quality of life, increased disability, and lost productivity with an increased risk of death. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of depression in Diabetes Mellitus patients with associated co-morbidities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2022. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 403 diabetes patients in the armed force general hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from April to Jun 11, 2022. The participants were selected using systematic random sampling. Data was collected by face-to-face interview using a standardized and pretested questionnaire. Depression was assessed using the patient health questionnaire. Data was entered into EPI INFO and analyzed by SPSS version 25 software. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with depression, and a significant association was declared at a p-value less than 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval. Result: The study showed that the overall prevalence of depression was found to be 37.2% and respondents who had moderate social support (AOR = 2.429, 95% CI: 1.208–4.881), age 35 (AOR = 0.358, 95% CI: 0.181–0.706), age 45–54 (AOR = 0.431, 95% CI: 0.232–0.801), insulin users (AOR = 0.471, 95% CI: 0.227-0.976), metformin users (AOR = 0.104, 95% CI: 0.105-0.397), liver disease (AOR = 3.077, 95%CI: 2.437–7.265), and could read and write (AOR = 8.253, 95% CI: 3.278–24.527) were significantly associated with depression. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the prevalence of depression among diabetes patients at Armed Forces General Hospital was found to be high. Furthermore, depression was associated with social support, age, anti-diabetic drug users, liver disease, and educational level. Different stakeholders, including hospital managers, health professionals, and different nongovernmental organizations, should give emphasis to linking depressive patients with hospitalization.