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Summary Graves's disease is characterized by hyperthyroidism, a diffuse, uniform enlargement of the thyroid gland and marked eye signs. It is now widely believed that the thyroid overactivity of Graves's disease is a result of the presence in the circulation of abnormal thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIg). TSIg are transferred from mother to fetus and cause neonatal thyrotoxicosis in around 1 per cent of babies born to mothers who have a history of Graves's disease. Because TSIg may persist in the maternal circulation after successful treatment of Graves's disease by partial thyroidectomy, neonatal thyrotoxicosis may occur in babies born to mothers who have been euthyroid throughout pregnancy. In our study, 9 of 12 examples of neonatal thyrotoxicosis encountered in 96 pregnancies occurred in babies born to mothers who were thought to be thyrotoxic at some stage during the pregnancy. Two main categories of TSIg are recognized: the long‐acting thyroid stimulator (LATS) and LATS‐protector (LATS‐P) both of which were assayed in maternal serum samples withdrawn during the third trimester. Levels in maternal and cord blood were similar. The critical level of TSIg causing neonatal thyrotoxicosis appeared to be 10 units/ml and above 20 units/ml the babies were always thyrotoxic at birth.

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It is shown that aryl groups may be introduced into ferrocene by reaction with diazonium salts or with nitrosoacetanilide. FERROCENE can be obtained by the reaction of cyclopentadienylmagnesium bromide (or of the alkali-metal derivatives of cyclopentadiene) with ferric chloride (Kealy and Pauson, Natzlre, 1951, 168, 1039). In Part I * of this series, this method was extended to the preparation of di-, tetra-, and hexa-phenylferrocene from the corresponding phenyl-substituted cyclopentadienes. It was also shown that a small yield of monophenylferrocene can be obtained by using a mixture of cyclopentadiene and phenylcyclopentadiene. The inaccessibility of phenylcyclopentadiene , however, made this route impracticable on a larger scale. We now describe a reaction which makes mono-and di-phenylferrocene readily accessible and can be extended to other arylferrocenes.Although ferrocene undergoes smooth Friedel-Crafts acylation (Woodward, Rosenblum , and Whiting, J . Amer. Chem. Soc., 1952, 74, 3458), other typical aromatic substitution reactions have been limited by the ease of oxidation of ferrocene to metalation with nbutyl-lithium (Benkeser, Goggin, and Schroll, ibid., 1954, 76, 4025). We have found that ferrocene is readily arylated on treatment with diazonium salts.? Adding benzenediazonium sulphate solution to approx. 1 mol. of ferrocene in glacial acetic acid causes steady evolution of gas during several hours at 0". On chromatography of the product some ferrocene is always recovered. Allowing for this, a 65% yield of phenylferrocene (approx. 40% conversion) is obtained together with 9% of diphenylferrocene. A similar reaction occurred in acetone. By the use of other diazonium salts, 9-methoxy-, o-methyl-, and m-chlorophenylferrocene were readily isolated in 3 5 4 % yields. We have also applied the reaction with success to diazotised p-hydroxyaniline, anthranilic acid, and sulphanilic acid.The only limitation of the reaction is again due to the ease of oxidation of ferrocene and was encountered with 2 : 4-dinitroaniline.: a considerable proportion of the ferrocene was converted into femcinium salt, and the diazonium salt reduced to m-dinitrobenzene.

Two classes of non-handicapped and two classes of handicapped children (n = 67), aged 5 to 12 years, took part in a study designed to determine whether a regular or specially designed physical education program suited their individual needs best. Initially receiving instruction with class peers each child was administered the 14-item short-form Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency. Discriminant analysis of the data indicated that two of the three functions were significant, together accounting for 93% of the variance. For each significant function fewer than half the test items contributed substantial discriminatory power. Over-all, 75% of the subjects were correctly classified but misclassifications occurred in each class; different placements seem appropriate for non-handicapped and handicapped children.