On May 10, 2021, Brazil ranked second in the world in COVID-19 deaths. Understanding risk factors, or social and ethnic inequality in health care according to a given city population and political or economic weakness is of paramount importance. Brazil had a seriousness COVID-19 outbreak in light of social and economic factors and its complex racial demographics. The objective of this study was to verify the odds of mortality of hospitalized patients during COVID-19 infection based on their economic, social, and epidemiological characteristics. We found that odds of death are greater among patients with comorbidities, neurological (1.99) and renal diseases (1.97), and immunodeficiency disorders (1.69). While the relative income (2.45) indicates that social factors have greater influence on mortality than the comorbidities studied. Patients living in the Northern macro-region of Brazil face greater chance of mortality compared to those in Central-South Brazil. We conclude that, during the studied period, the chances of mortality for COVID-19 in Brazil were more strongly influenced by socioeconomic poverty conditions than by natural comorbidities (neurological, renal, and immunodeficiency disorders), which were also very relevant. Regional factors are relevant in mortality rates given more individuals being vulnerable to poverty conditions.

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This work explores (non)linear associations between relative humidity and temperature and the incidence of COVID-19 among 27 Brazilian state capital cities in (sub)tropical climates, measured daily from summer through winter. Previous works analyses have shown that SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, finds stability by striking a certain balance between relative humidity and temperature, which indicates the possibility of surface contact transmission. The question remains whether seasonal changes associated with climatic fluctuations might actively influence virus survival. Correlations between climatic variables and infectivity rates of SARS-CoV-2 were applied by the use of a Generalized Additive Model (GAM) and the Locally Estimated Scatterplot Smoothing LOESS nonparametric model. Tropical climates allow for more frequent outdoor human interaction, making such areas ideal for studies on the natural transmission of the virus. Outcomes revealed an inverse relationship between subtropical and tropical climates for the spread of the novel coronavirus and temperature, suggesting a sensitivity behavior to climates zones. Each 1 °C rise of the daily temperature mean correlated with a −11.76% (t = −5.71, p < 0.0001) decrease and a 5.66% (t = 5.68, p < 0.0001) increase in the incidence of COVID-19 for subtropical and tropical climates, respectively.

A sepse é um grande desafio para a assistência médica, pois continua sendo umas das principais causas de mortes em unidades de terapia intensiva (UTIs). Objetivo: Comparar as taxas de morbimortalidade dos pacientes com septicemia em todo território nacional. Material e métodos: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, realizado nas bases de dados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), utilizando os dados referentes ao ano de 2015. Resultados: No país cerca de R$ 400.387.078,76 foram gastos no ano de 2015 com os pacientes sépticos, 110.049 pessoas foram internadas nesse período e a taxa de mortalidade foi de 45,3%. O Rio de Janeiro apresentou a maior taxa de mortalidade (61,77%) e o estado de Rondônia a menor taxa de mortalidade (20,06%). O Distrito Federal é a unidade federativa com maior tempo médio de internação (20,11 dias) e o Piauí aquela com menor tempo (7,42 dias). O estado de São