In the public domain.

JACK SIDMAN AND RUDOLF MOOSrived from frequency ratings of 70 items of staff t o patient helping and 70 items of patient to patient helping made by patients from 9 different wards. A number of significant relationships were found, and some of the results were discussed in terms of their implications for possibly obtaining more effective treatment outcome by changing social psychological atmosphere through the mediating variables of patient and staff helping behaviors. 8. Moos, R. H. and SCHWARTZ, J. Treatment environment an2treatment outcome. Stanford: 9. SIDMAN, J. Empathy and helping behavior in college students. Unpublished dissertation, of successful sychiatric treatment rograms. Amer. J. Orthopsychiat., 1971, 41, 427-441. atmosphere and outcome of acute schizophrenia.

Investigated the construct validity of the Social Interest Index (SII) on a sample (N = 140) of hospitalized male alcoholics. Because of the inferred properties of social interest, it was hypothesized that the SII would relate positively with measures of some social traits, mental health, intelligence, education, and internal locus of control and would relate negatively with measures of other social traits and MMPI "pathology" scales. The hypotheses generally were supported. The significant positive correlation between the SII and social desirability was discussed along with other theoretical/methodological issues raised by the data.

Over the past decade psychology has begun to appreciate that it represents more than "merely mental health care" and has become increasingly involved in the generic health care arena. The participation of psychologists in Hospital Ethics Committees (HECs) is presented as a professional activity for which psychologists are particularly well suited. The clinical mission of HECs, the historical importance of ethical considerations to psychology, and the field's specific training and psycho-social expertise suggest valuable contributions that psychologists can make in this particular area. Further, as psychology actively increases its participation in HECs, other professional disciplines outside of the mental health field will systematically have the opportunity to become more familiar with psychology and its clinical and research expertise.

Fundamentally, counseling and therapies of all species are intimate, humanistic encounters between sufferers and healers. A variety of societal impingements on practitioners (e.g., the need to contain burgeoning health care costs via "sustainable growth rates," limitations on the number of treatment sessions authorized by managed care companies, increasing government regulations, ethical standards, hundreds of "schools" of psychotherapy espousing efficacy) and a growing body of supportive research have resulted in an increased attention to and demand for the use of evidence-based psychological practices that can potentially undermine the fundamental underpinnings of counseling and psychotherapy. This article proposes that care and caution need to be exercised in the rush to evidence-based psychological practices as a "solution" to the concerns noted. In turn, what is advocated in helping others to become effective and compassionate practitioners is a need for an organizing principle, that is, specifically teaching/learning to think in nonlinear ways in conjunction with already well-established empirically determined common factor principles of effective treatment.