L'article interroge la proximité, longtemps soulignée par les historiens, entre la Société d' encouragement pour l'industrie nationale et le Conservatoire des arts et métiers dans la première décennie du xix e siècle, en s'appuyant sur un approfondissement de nos connaissances. Il souligne le rôle de son premier président, Chaptal, dans la conception d'une institution originale, d'abord par son utilitarisme et son souci de communication, ensuite par l'ampleur de ses champs d'action, qui explique le recours à des experts, notamment ceux du Conservatoire, aux compétences multiples.
Mots-clésConservatoire des arts et métiers, diffusion des savoirs, invention technique, Jean-Antoine Chaptal (1756-1832), Société d' encouragement pour l'industrie nationale Promoting Innovation beside the Conservatoire des Arts et Métiers: the early years of the Société d'Encouragement pour l'Industrie
Documents pour l'histoire des techniquesNouvelle série 17 | 1 er semestre 2009 L'invention technique et les figures de l'inventeur (XVIII e -XX e siècles) Chronique d'une invention : le phonautographe d'Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville (1817-1879) et les cercles parisiens de la science et de la technique Chronicle of an invention : the phonautographe by Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville (1817-1879) and Parisian circles for science and technology
The first projection of the Lumière cinematograph took place on March 22, 1895, at a conference in the Parisian headquarters of the Société d' encouragement pour l'industrie nationale. Although the Société d' encouragement had organized the conference, it was not widely remembered and played little role in the memory politics of the institution. This is rather surprising, given that the Société was usually quick to highlight what it considered to be decisive innovations that had led to the development of new industrial sectors. However, the session of March 22, 1895 remained in the shadow of the Société's memory for several decades. It was only very gradually valorized, through evocations and commemorations. Based on the institution's archives as well as on the knowledge we have today of the evolution of the Société's approach to encouraging invention, this article explores the reasons for this temporary oblivion and the ways in which the event has been revisited, in parallel to the evolution of the Société.
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