No abstract

A bacterial strain, designated IMCC26223T, was isolated from an oligotrophic freshwater lake, Lake Soyang, Korea. Cells of strain IMCC26223T were Gram-staining negative, strictly aerobic, non-motile and short-rod-shaped. Growth occurred at pH 6-8 (optimum, pH 7.0), at 4-25 °C (optimum, 15 °C) and with 0-0.5 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0 %). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain IMCC26223T was identified as a member of the genus Flavobacterium and most closely related to Flavobacterium fluvii H7T (97.6 %), Flavobacterium segetis AT1048T (97.5 %) and Flavobacterium weaverense AT1042T (97.2 %). DNA-DNA relatedness between strain IMCC26223T and F. fluvii H7T was 41.5-51.7 % in the reciprocal hybridization. Strain IMCC26223T contained MK-6 as the major respiratory quinone. The major cellular fatty acids consisted of C16 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c), and the polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified aminolipid and two unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content of strain IMCC26223T was 34.5 mol%. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene phylogeny and phenotypic characterization, strain IMCC26223T represents a novel species of the genus Flavobacterium, for which the name Flavobacterium soyangense sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is IMCC26223T (=KCTC 52245T=JCM 31384T).

Two Gram-staining-negative, orange coloured, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterial strains, designated strains IMCC26013 and IMCC26026, were isolated from a freshwater sample collected from Lake Soyang in Korea. The 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic analyses showed that both strains belonged to the genus Flavobacterium and that strains IMCC26013 and IMCC26026 were most closely related to Flavobacterium psychrophilum (96.5 %) and Flavobacterium myungsuense (97.7 %), respectively. DNA G+C contents of strains IMCC26013 and IMCC26026 were 37.8 and 33.7 mol%, respectively. DNA-DNA relatedness between strain IMCC26026 and F. myungsuense HMD1033 was 56.4 %, showing a novel species status of strain IMCC26026. Major fatty acid constituents (>10 %) of strain IMCC26013 were iso-C15 : 1 G, C15 : 1 ω6c, C17 : 1 ω6c and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω6c and/or C16 : 1 ω7c) and those of strain IMCC26026 were iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and summed feature 3. Respiratory quinone detected in the two strains was MK-6. Both strains contained phosphatidylethanolamine as a major polar lipid. On the basis of these results, strains IMCC26013 and IMCC26026 were considered to represent novel species in the genus Flavobacterium, for which the names Flavobacterium chuncheonense (type strain IMCC26013=KCTC 52573=NBRC 112526), and Flavobacterium luteum (type strain IMCC26026=KCTC 52572=NBRC 112527) are proposed, respectively.

A bacterial strain, designated IMCC25901, was isolated from a freshwater lake, Soyang, in the Republic of Korea. The strain was Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile, orange-coloured and short rod-shaped. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain IMCC25901 was most closely related to Flavobacterium yonginense HMD1001 (97.0 %) and formed a robust phylogenetic clade with other species of the genus Flavobacterium. Growth of strain IMCC25901 was observed at 10-30 °C (optimum, 20 °C), pH 6-8 (optimum, pH 7) and 0-1.0 % NaCl (optimum, 0 %). The DNA G+C content of strain IMCC25901 was 34.2 mol%. The major fatty acid constituents of the strain were anteiso-C15 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c) and iso-C15 : 0. Cells of strain IMCC25901 contained phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified phospholipid, two unidentified aminolipids and two unidentified lipids. The isoprenoid quinone detected in the strain was MK-6. On the basis of the taxonomic data obtained in this study, it was concluded that strain IMCC25901 represented a novel species in the genus Flavobacterium, for which the name Flavobacterium lacicola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Flavobacterium lacicola is IMCC25901 (=KCTC 52571=NBRC 112883).

A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, yellow-pigmented bacterium, designated strain IMCC27201T, was isolated from an artificial freshwater pond (Inkyong) in Korea. Growth of strain IMCC27201T occurred at 10-37 °C (optimum, 30 °C), at pH 7.0-8.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and with 0-0.25 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain IMCC27201T belonged to the genus Flavobacterium and was related most closely to Flavobacterium columnare IFO 15943T (97.8 % sequence similarity), Flavobacterium terrae R2A1-13T (97.2 %) and Flavobacterium vireti THG-SM1T (96.4 %). Strain IMCC27201T exhibited low DNA-DNA relatedness with F. columnare KCTC 42885T (34.9-40.6 %). The DNA G+C content of strain IMCC27201T was 32.1 mol%. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 G and iso-C15 : 0 3-OH. Strain IMCC27201T contained menaquinone-6 (MK-6) as the sole isoprenoid quinone. The polar lipids of strain IMCC27201T consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, three unidentified aminolipids and two unidentified lipids. Based on 16S rRNA gene phylogeny, phenotypic characterization and DNA-DNA relatedness, strain IMCC27201Trepresents a novel species of the genus Flavobacterium, for which the name Flavobacterium inkyongense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is IMCC27201T (=KCTC 52244T=JCM 31385T).