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Dryland agriculture produces agricultural commodities in the food and plantation sectors. However, the potential for dryland agriculture in Indonesia is one of the agricultural bases, which is also threatened by climate anomalies. This research aims to examine one of the climatic factors, namely Land Surface Temperature (LST), which is influenced by environmental carrying capacity factors, namely the vegetation index on the productivity of dryland agriculture. The vegetation indexes used are NDVI, SAVI, and EVI, using Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI imagery for 1999, 2004, 2009, 2014, and 2019 then analyzed by statistical regression tests. Another data used are temperature comparison data from the Meteorological Climatological and Geophysical Agency of Indonesia as known as Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG), agricultural productivity data from Statistics Indonesia as known as Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), and Agricultural Counseling Agency of Nangapanda District as known as Badan Penyuluhan Pertanian (BPP). The result obtained from this research is that there is a significant inverse relationship between the vegetation index and LST. Later, the increase in LST can cause a decrease in the productivity of dryland agriculture.

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