RESUMOEste estudo descreve comunidades de flebotomíneos e suas variações sazonais em focos de transmissão das leishmanioses na interface urbano-rural do município minerário de Juruti, Estado do Pará, na Região Amazônica. Realizou-se captura mensal de flebotomíneos durante dois anos, em duas localidades sentinelas, Santa Maria e Paraense. Armadilhas CDC foram colocadas no intra e no peridomicílio. A amostra de 36.408 flebotomíneos teve 32 espécies representadas; as mais frequentes foram Lutzomyia longipalpis (76,8%) e Lutzomyia walkeri (19%). A riqueza de espécies foi maior em Paraense, a despeito da destacada abundância de Lu. longipalpis (85%, 23.878/27.951), sobretudo no inverno amazônico (r = 0,8; p < 0,05). Em Santa Maria, Lu. longipalpis, pouco frequente, não apresentou variação sazonal. Constatou-se a ocorrência, apenas em Paraense, no interior de residências, de flebotomíneos naturalmente infectados por Leishmania sp.: Lu. longipalpis (0,12%; 1/821), vetor de Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum; e Lutzomyia antunesi (1,16%; 2/173), provável vetor de Leishmania (Viannia) lindenbergi. A alta frequência de Lu. longipalpis no período chuvoso, mas apenas em Paraense, revela influências locais determinantes da composição da comunidade de flebotomíneos e abundância de espécies. Ações integradas para a prevenção das leishmanioses devem ser contínuas e preferencialmente intensificadas de setembro a novembro, meses que antecedem as chuvas naquela região.Palavras-chave: Leishmaniose; Região Amazônica; Psychodidae; Insetos Vetores; Ecologia. ARTIGO ORIGINAL | ORIGINAL ARTICLE ABSTRACTThis study describes the phlebotomine communities and their seasonal variation in areas of leishmaniasis transmission in the urban-rural interface of the mining municipality of Juruti, Pará State, in the Amazon Region. Monthly captures of phlebotomine sand flies were performed over two years in two sentinel locations: Santa Maria and Paraense. CDC traps were placed on intra and peridomestic environments. A sample of 36,408 phlebotomine sand flies contained 32 species. The most frequent were Lutzomyia longipalpis (76.8%) and Lutzomyia walkeri (19%). Species richness was greater in Paraense, despite the abundant presence of Lu. longipalpis (85%, 23,878/27,951), especially during the Amazonian winter (r = 0.8; p < 0.05). In Santa Maria, the presence of Lu. longipalpis, which occurs rarely, showed no seasonal variation. In the interior of residences, exclusively in Paraense, there was also the occurrence of phlebotomine sand flies naturally infected by Leishmania sp.: Lu. longipalpis (0.12%; 1/821), vector of Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum and Lutzomyia antunesi (1.16%; 2/173), most likely the vector of Leishmania (Viannia) lindenbergi. The high frequency of Lu. longipalpis during the rainy season, but only in Paraense, reveals local influences that determine the phlebotomine community composition and the abundance of species. Integrated actions for the prevention of leishmaniasis must be continuous and preferably intensified from September t...

The aim of this study was to describe the phlebotomine sand fly fauna and its respective ecological indexes in risk zones of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). The study was carried out in the Municipality of Santarém, Pará State, Brazil. From the total of 102 records of CL patients in 2010 and 2011, infected with different Leishmania species, 31 were selected. Kernel density analysis was performed. CDC light traps were placed (6 p.m.-6 a.m., three nights, height of 1.5 m) in the identified risk zones (indoors, chicken sheds and surrounding forest) in two occasions: rainy and dry seasons of 2012. Shannon traps were installed in the forest during 3 h (7 p.m.-9 p.m., one night). Shannon (H'), Pielou (J') and Dominance (D) indexes were calculated and two spatial clusters (SC) of CL, SC1 (urban-rural) and SC2 (rural farm), were identified. Phlebotomines were sampled in SC1 (243) and SC2 (174). In the whole sample (417) there were 24 species of 10 genera, but only 12 species were found in both risk zones. Ecological indexes varied widely (H' = 0.5-1.72; J = 0.44-0.78; D = 0.46-0.91). The highest D values in the forest (≥ 0.75) were associated to Psychodopygus complexus during both seasons in SC1 and Psychodopygus davisi during the rainy season in SC2. Other CL vectors were identified in smaller frequence. A great diversity of phlebotomine species was described in each risk zone. The CL vectors sampled were well-matched with the Leishmania species infecting the patients. The epidemiological importance of dominant species may vary with climatic seasons and risk zones in Santarém.