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A new procedure for the simultaneous detection of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and its major metabolite, 11-nor-9-carboxy-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) in serum has been evaluated. The method combines rapid, efficient, solid-phase extraction and simple derivatization by methylation. Analysis and quantitation is performed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) using deuterated cannabinoids as internal standards (IS). Reproducibility and sensitivity of the method are good. The procedure is applied to serum specimens collected from a smoking study with 24 volunteers and 212 forensic cases. Results are interpreted based upon the current knowledge about THC metabolism and pharmacokinetics.

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ChemInform Abstract Two different systems for the photoreduction of CO2 in aqueous solutions by using visible light are studied. One system is composed of Ru(bpy)32+ (as photosensitizer), triethanolamine (=TEA) as electron donor, and one of the bipyridinium charge relays (I)-(III). Illumination of these systems under CO2 in the presence of Ru or Os colloids results in the formation of methane and ethylene and in H2evolution. In the second system, illumination of an aqueous solution under CO2 that includes Ru(II) tris(bipyrazine) as sensitizer, TEA as electron donor, and the Ru colloids leads to the formation of methane, ethylene, and ethane, and no H2 evolution occurs. The reduction process of CO2 proceeds via electron transfer of metal-activated CO2 rather than through a hydrogenation route. Effects of additives such as thiols are examined. Methanation of CO2 by hydrogen proceeds in the dark in the presence of Pt and Ru or Os colloids and in the presence of (I).