Research on bullying and aggressive teaching from nurse instructors to students, and the search for coherence between training and humanized care motivate this study. Objective: To assess the need for humanization of nursing training, from a teaching and student perspective. Material and Method: Qualitative research and case study, carried out in a Chilean Nursing School. Fiveteen teachers and 12 students, who previously provided informed consent, formed 4 discussion groups using semi-structured questions obtained from the literature review. Content analysis was performed using Atlas ti® Version 8.4.2, which generated a network of codes, categories and 6 dimensions of analysis. Ezekiel Emanuel's ethical principles were applied and, in order to ensure methodological rigor, the principles of credibility, reliability, confirmability and transferability were followed. Results: Regarding the needs for humanized nursing training, the following dimensions emerged: 1) Concepts of humanization, care and humanized teaching; 2) Enhancing personal development; 3) Understanding young people and social contexts; 4) Teacher training in humanized teaching and curriculum; 5) Reflecting on ethical conflicts; and 6) Advancing towards a university that cares for its educational community. Conclusions: Personal, collective and institutional efforts are required to promote good interpersonal skills; based on training strategies, and student and teacher support. Similarly, it is necessary to improve working conditions for a healthy life and a culture of humanized care.
Introducción. La legislación chilena atribuye a enfermería la Gestión de Cuidados, implica autonomía, requiriendo enfermeras/os capaces de practicar “liderazgo efectivo” contribuyendo a la óptima salud de la población. Sin embargo, se ha instalado la percepción de que enfermería a nivel nacional ha perdido espacios de opinión y toma de decisiones, lo que hace relevante indagar apreciaciones desde las/os protagonistas respecto al ejercicio de liderazgo en sus prácticas. Material y método. Investigación cualitativa, descriptiva, tipo estudio de caso, utiliza análisis de contenido. Resultados y discusión. En la percepción del liderazgo de enfermería predominan características del liderazgo transformacional. Reconocen una directa relación entre ejercicio de liderazgo y la calidad del cuidado brindado a las personas. Se identificó como facilitadores del liderazgo habilidades personales, la formación profesional y trayectoria del ejercicio laboral. Emergen obstaculizadores como dificultades comunicativas, relaciones de subordinación asociada al género femenino y profesión no médica, déficit estructural de centros de salud y diferencias generacionales. Conclusión. Develan brechas que viven enfermeras/os en ejercicio de liderazgo, junto a favorecedores. Esto permitirá nutrir planes de estudios de pre y post-grado de enfermería, para propiciar el desarrollo de competencias atingentes a los desafíos actuales, contribuyendo al fortalecimiento del rol sociopolítico de enfermería.
Objective: to describe the experience of implementing the online training entitled “Humanization of the training processes in Nursing, care for all”, targeted at Nursing teachers from a Chilean university, as well as to analyze their interventions in the virtual forum. Method: a qualitative research study, of the case study type, through content analysis based on the forum interventions of 12 training participants who gave their consent. The online training delivered to professors from a Chilean Nursing school carried out from May to November 2020 is described, and the categories obtained by means of content analysis are presented. Results: for the participants, humanized care has a personal dimension and a public-political dimension. In turn, humanized teaching in Nursing implies that teachers recognize their students as whole individuals in their generational and social contexts, but that they also recognize themselves as people with self-knowledge needs and aware of their possibilities and limitations when practicing their profession. Reflective teaching is an opportunity to humanize Nursing training. Conclusion: this virtual training during the pandemic and the participants' reflections allowed us to understand conceptual and experiential elements about humanization of care and of training. The participants disclose the aspects in which they can exert an influence for a more humanized culture, such as self-recognition and acknowledgment of their students as individuals in a context. The remaining challenge is to investigate influential strategies at the institutional and political levels to attain more humanized care and education.
Se plantea como objetivo principal de investigación, conocer la percepción de las/os profesionales de enfermería sobre la valoración de la sexualidad del adulto mayor a los que brindan cuidados en la atención primaria de salud. Para ello plantea un estudio cualitativo con enfoque descriptivo y análisis de datos mediante teoría fundamentada, tomando una muestra de estudio elegida por conveniencia y basada ciertos criterios, egresados enfermeros/as de universidades públicas o privadas con mínimo de 2 años de trabajo, trabajar actualmente en APS, excluyendo profesionales egresados de enfermería-obstetricia, poseedores de carrera anexa en obstetricia y no trabajar en APS. En los resultados se establecen cuatro categorías principales, las cuales son “significado que le atribuyen los profesionales a la sexualidad”, “relevancia de la sexualidad en adultos mayores”, “factores influyentes en la valoración de la sexualidad”, “fortalezas y debilidades profesionales en la valoración”, además aparecen categorías emergentes, que son: “factores por mejorar al valorar la sexualidad”, “necesidad de un instrumento de valoración de la sexualidad”. Se establece que la sexualidad como elemento vital en la salud de los adultos mayores influenciada estrictamente por factores socio-culturales, además de la creciente necesidad de un instrumento que permita valorar la sexualidad y orientaciones técnicas a nivel ministerial.
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