Lysimeter experiment was conducted during winter season of -2014and 2014-2015 Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate. This study aimed to clarify the effect of soil moisture depletion (45, 60 and 75% from the available water) and nitrogen levels (zero, 75, 100 and 125% from the recommended dose) as well as their interaction on wheat yield, water and nitrogen use efficiencies. The obtained results can be summarized in; -Soil moisture depletion and nitrogen fertilizer levels interaction high significantly affected grain yield in both seasons. The highest values of grain yield (2889.60 and 2829.40 kg fed -1 in the 1 st and 2 nd season, respectively) were realized by applying the treatment of irrigation after depletion 45% from available water + 125% of N recommended dose. -The highest values of wheat straw yield (3355.19 and 3297 kg fed -1 ) were obtained under irrigation after depletion 45% from available water in the first and second season, respectively. Also the different N rates (control, 75%, 100% and 125% of N recommended dose) high significantly affected straw yield. The straw yield increased by 22.46% at N 75% , 31.61% at N 100% and 43.39% at N 125% in first season and by (18.71% at N 75% , 24.79% at N 100% and 26.26% at N 125% ) in second season, as compared to control. -The highest value of nitrogen agronomic efficiency (NAE) was obtained due to the irrigation after depletion 45% from available water + 75% of N recommended dose. The lowest value of NAE was achieved due to the irrigation after depletion 75% from available water + 125% of N recommended dose. -Apparent nitrogen recovery by wheat was high significantly affected by the interaction between soil moisture depletion and nitrogen fertilizer levels in both seasons. The highest values of apparent nitrogen recovery by wheat were realized by applying the treatment of irrigation after depletion 45% from available water + 75% of N recommended dose for both seasons. -The highest and lowest values of water use efficiency were obtained from treatments of irrigation after depletion 45% from available water and 75% from N recommended dose and irrigation after depletion 75% from available water without addition of nitrogen fertilizer in both growing seasons, respectively.

Wheat and barley are the most important agricultural crops in many countries around the world, just behind rice and maize in importance. Hence, two field experiments with design of spit plot were carried out in winter season of 2014-2015 at the Faculty of Agriculture Research Farm, Mansoura University, Egypt to investigate total uptake of N, P and K by wheat (Sakha 68) and barley (Gemeza123) under different application rates of mineral and organic fertilizers, as well as grain Protein yield of Kg fed-1. Treatments of organic were chicken manure, compost and biochar, while the studied mineral fertilizer treatments took with rates of 50,75,100 and 125 % .The results revealed that total removed (uptake) of NPK by wheat plant were 80.88, 15.79, and 123.54, respectively; while with barley plant they amounted by 61.60, 11.21, and 56.83 were assigned with the treatment of chicken manure + 125% of recommended NPK treatments. Also, the best interaction was found between chicken manure + 125% mineral treatments which gave the highest value of protein uptake which were 310.60 and 278.76 kg fed-1 compared with other interactions of wheat and barley crops. It can conclude that Chicken manure + 125% mineral treatments were the superior in most amendments and gave the highest values of total NPK uptake and protein yield which in turn lead to improve crop productivity as well as sustain soil health and fertility.

In a field trail at Wadi Sudr Research Station (Desert Research Centre) South Sinai in season (2006)(2007), the effect of nitrogen, potassium and sulfur on wheat yield, nutrients content and uptake. Three levels of N: 60, 90 and 120 kg/fed, five levels of K: 0, 50 and 100 kg K2O/fed were added to soil in one dose totally with the first nitrogen dose and the same rates 50, 100 kg K2O/fed but were divided into two equal doses (25+25), (50+50) and were added to soil at the same time of adding N fertilizer and two concentration, (1.5% and 3%) of K2SO4 (50% K2O) as a foliar application and two levels of S: zero (without) and one ton/fed.The results revealed that the yield of wheat, mineral content, and uptake were significantly increased as affected by NKS fertilization. Combination of N, K and S proved most effective with optimum yield of treatment 90 N, 100 K2O and with sulfur (one ton/fed).

A pot experiment was conducted under the green house condition at Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ. to investigate effects of different soil salinity levels on some soil properties and wheat plant (Triticum aestivum L). Four soil salinity levels were assessed with two kind of salinity,(0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0%) using NaCl and (NaCl +CaCl2 1:1), comparing to control (soil with soil salinity level of 0.2 %) on the studied traits. The results could be summarized as follows:  The high soil salinity led to an increase in EC, pH, the concentration of soluble ions and SAR of soil. Also it led to increase in exchangeable sodium and ESP in the soil but the increase was more with treatment of NaCl. Exchangeable calsium increased with increasing salinity level with using (NaCl +CaCl2 1:1) while decreased with using NaCl in salinization the soil.  The increase of soil salinity increased bulk density and soil saturation , but this increase was more for treatments salinized by (NaCl 100%). On the other hand, it decreased soil porosity and soil structure factor.  The increase of salinity levels decreased the final germination percentage, fresh weight and dry weight of wheat at boating stage. Also it decreased water consumption by wheat.  The increase of salinity levels decreased the N, P, K, Ca content (%) and uptake by wheat. On the other hand, it increased Na content (%) and decreased Na uptake by wheat.