ABSTRACT. This study aims: to provide an overview of the development of seaweed cultivation in improving the economy of coastal communities. Based on the results of a theoretical study of various results of research on seaweed cultivation in Indonesia. Some of the things that make seaweed farming activities are in great demand by coastal communities, namely the technical aspects of seaweed farming are relatively easy with a short maintenance time, while from the economic aspect this business is very profitable because of the relatively cheap investment and production costs. The type of seaweed has economic value, namely; Gracilaria sp. Gelidium sp. This can be seen from the behavior of the people in seaweed management which still overrides the surrounding environmental factors. This certainly contradicts the concept of integrated coastal areas.ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan: memberikan gambaran tentang perkembangan budidaya rumput laut dalam meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat pesisir. Berdasarkan hasil kajian teori dari berbagai hasil penelitian tentang budidaya rumput laut yang ada di Indonesia. Beberapa hal yang membuat kegiatan budidaya rumput laut sangat diminati oleh para masyarakat pesisir yaitu aspek teknis usaha budidaya rumput laut yang relative mudah dengan waktu pemeliharaan singkat, sedangkan dari aspek ekonomi usaha ini sangat menguntungkan karena biaya investasi dan produksi yang relatif murah. Adapun jenis rumput laut memiliki nilai ekonomi yaitu; Gracilaria sp, Gelidium sp, Sargassum sp , Eucheuma cottonii,dan Euxheuma spinosum., Maka dapat disimpulkan hasil dari kajian ini bahwaterdapat kecenderungan masyarakat dalam menanam rumput laut masih jauh dari konsep pengelolaan yang berkelanjutan. Hal tersebut bisa dilihat dari perilaku masyarakat dalam pengelolaan rumput laut yang masih mengesampingkan faktor lingkungan sekitar. Hal tersebut tentu bertentangan dengan konsep pelestarian wilayah pesisir secara terpadu.

Learning products that have been designed and developed by the teacher/researcher must be tested first to determine their quality level before being disseminated to the broader community. This research is a development product testing phase by going through the validity, practicality and effectiveness test phase, which is the final part of a research and development (R&D) design. There are three groups of participants involved in this study: two validators, five elementary school teachers, and 25 students from Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 1 Majene, West Sulawesi, Indonesia. Several instruments were used in collecting data in this study, namely: (a) validation sheets, (b) teacher response questionnaires, (c) student response questionnaires, (d) learning implementation observation sheets, and (e) learning outcomes tests. The data that have been collected are then analyzed using a quantitative approach with the help of the SPSS version 20.00 application. The results showed that the Integrating, Rationale and Approach Participation (IRA) learning model was proven to be valid, practical, and effective through a series of tests carried out. Thus, this environment-based IRA learning model can be used by a broader range of users.

Learning products that have been designedand developed by the teacher/researcher must be tested firstto determine their quality level before being disseminatedto the broader community. This research is a developmentproduct testing phase by going through the validity,practicality and effectiveness test phase, which is the finalpart of a research and development (R&D) design. Thereare three groups of participants involved in this study: twovalidators, five elementary school teachers, and 25 studentsfrom Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 1 Majene, West Sulawesi,Indonesia. Several instruments were used in collecting datain this study, namely: (a) validation sheets, (b) teacherresponse questionnaires, (c) student responsequestionnaires, (d) learning implementation observationsheets, and (e) learning outcomes tests. The data that havebeen collected are then analyzed using a quantitativeapproach with the help of the SPSS version 20.00application. The results showed that the Integrating,Rationale and Approach Participation (IRA) learningmodel was proven to be valid, practical, and effectivethrough a series of tests carried out. Thus, thisenvironment-based IRA learning model can be used by abroader range of users

This study aims: To describe the management of Community Forestry (HKm) in Indonesia. Through a theoretical study of some of the results of research on community forest management in Indonesia. Then the results of this study show that the management of HKm is more oriented to short-term economic interests, not ecologically and economically sustainable, resulting in damage to forest functions, both ecological and economic functions, due to various problems faced by the field and inequality between government regulations. The solution to the results of this study is that in the management of Community Forestry, it is necessary to pay attention to three principles, namely: a) Benefit and are ecologically, economically, socially and culturally sustainable, b). deliberation; and justice for the whole community.

This study aims: (1). To identify the main support system in the design of environment-based learning in the Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Makassar State University. (2). Knowing the use of environment-based learning resources in the Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Makassar State University. Through the Needs Assessment instrument in the form of field observations, questionnaire surveys, and interviews with lecturers and students identified problems to determine the right action for the next stage, so the design of learning to be carried out is the best solution. The results of the study are that (1). The Biology Department of UNM has two main locations or areas that strongly support environment-based learning with their respective characteristics. The two areas are the Biology Experiment Garden and the Field of Library Discussion of the Biology Department of FMIPA UNM. (2) Some courses have made use of environment-based learning resources in the Biology Department of FMIPA UNM. Solutions from the identification results obtained are among others; (1). The Department of Biology can be used as a place of learning, a source of learning, and as a learning media in the design of environment-based learning. (2). The Biology Department can be used as a comfortable and pleasant learning environment for the entire academic community. (3). The design of Environmental Based Learning in the Biology Department of UNM can be done in almost all subjects by increasing the role of the lecturer as a facilitator.