The regulation of functional food (FF) is essential to develop innovation in food industry and to ensure consumers' health. This study aims to identify if and how the institutional environment affects the FF R&D initiatives in Brazil. Data were collected through personal in-depth interviews with FF chain members (experts; industries; regulatory agency) and analyzed through content analysis. Three main agents were identified in the FF R&D initiatives: food manufacturer, functional component suppliers and universities. Results show a negative impact of resolutions proposed by the regulatory agency in these initiatives, but also highlight the importance of institutional factors as drivers to the innovation process. A clearer legislation is needed in order to facilitate innovations in the food sector. Moreover, the selection of the most promising partnerships can help to minimize uncertainties involved in those initiatives. Further researches on measuring the regulation impact on the innovation initiatives are suggested.

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The objective of this research is to analyse the motivations and barriers to develop an innovative food product from the perspective of the two main participants in a development project. The perceptions of a Brazilian food co-operative and a Technological Centre were analysed throughout a case study. The results indicate the existence of a complex dyadic relationship between them and also that the food innovation network is still in its early stages in south of Brazil. The main motivation for the Technological Centre is to contribute to the national development policy. On the other hand, for the company there is the possibility to obtain partial funding for products development. The company is venturing while bringing to the food market an innovative product. Yet, it is clear that these kinds of inter-organizational collaborative efforts can bring benefits to food networks in general.

Technology is one of the most relevant conditions for progress and development in society. Industrial technology generated a new development curve in several productive sectors, such as the alcoholic beverages. Beer is produced since 8000 BC, but its global popularization took place after the Second World War. Yet, brewing technology has been recently writing a new chapter: a paradigmatic transformation not only on instrumental principles, but also in terms of its economic and symbolic impact inside and outside organizations. This article aims to explore the new brewing paradigm and its pragmatic implications in terms of main concepts, management and operations in Brazil. Secondly, as a theoretical approach, it seeks to demystify technology and its social relationship. Technology, considering its material aspect, does not provide a broad understanding of field transformation. Therefore, the nuances of brewinng technology were captured by qualitative research. Secondary data and interviews with key elements were used as the main data collection strategy. Results indicate a brewing revolution, materialized by the offer of creative new products to mainstream markets, specialty beer shops and pubs. It is technological transformation in its essence, creating a new path from the craftman to the technique and demanding innovative management and operations forms. New brewing technologic paradigm rescues traditional techniques that in essence are concerned with producing "good" beer.

Introdução: A soropositividade para doenças infecciosas na gestação pode resultar em transmissão vertical. Assim, o reconhecimento do perfil obstétrico das gestantes com vírus da imunodeficiência humana é pertinente para melhorar a assistência e reduzir os desfechos negativos no pós-parto. Objetivo: Descrever o perfil obstétrico de gestantes HIV+. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo, transversal, a partir da análise de prontuários de gestantes com vírus da imunodeficiência humana atendidas em um ambulatório de referência de um hospital de ensino entre 2016 e 2018, tendo como critérios de seleção a notificação compulsória do vírus da imunodeficiência humana. A análise dos dados foi descritiva pelo software SPSS®. Resultados: Entre janeiro e abril de 2021 analisaram- -se 78 prontuários, com a maioria das notificações ocorrendo em 2016 (43,6%). As gestantes tinham entre 21 e 29 anos de idade (53,8%, x=27,4 anos, 149.571,42 anos, desvio padrão=6,14), eram pardas (46,2%), com ensino superior incompleto (28,2%), residentes na zona urbana (97,4%), principalmente de Uberaba (MG) (61,5%), destacando-se como ocupação do lar (28,2%). Eram multíparas (79,5%), tendo o vírus da imunodeficiência humana evidenciado laboratorialmente antes da gestação (65,4%). Aderiram ao pré-natal (84,6%), passando por, no mínimo, seis consultas (60,3%), mesmo iniciando-o no segundo trimestre gestacional (41,0%). Houve adesão aos antirretrovirais profiláticos (76,9%), iniciando antes da primeira consulta da atual gestação (48,7%) e/ou durante o parto (69,2%). Não realizaram genotipagem para o vírus da imunodeficiência humana antes do início dos antirretrovirais (23,1%), mas fizeram a carga viral na primeira consulta de pré-natal (66,7%), repetindo-o entre duas e quatro semanas após o início do antirretroviral (46,2%) e na 34ª de gestação (48,7%). O tipo de parto predominante foi a cesariana eletiva (44,9%) realizado no hospital de ensino (78,2%), com a maioria de nascidos vivos (79,5%). Conclusão: Identificou-se a necessidade de adequações quanto ao seguimento do protocolo de assistência às gestantes soropositivas. Contudo, a organização atual do serviço já contribui para a garantia do impedimento da transmissão vertical.