<p>Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) still a health problem in the world resulting in high mortality and morbidity. Every year 13 million children under five died, 95% of deaths occur in developing countries and 4.5 million deaths due to respiratory infection. Takes effort and hard work to reduce mortality of children under five are caused by ARIs. ARIs episodes in children under five in the world generally between 3-8 times every year. Breast milk is a natural nutrient that contain IgA (SIgA), IgE, IgM,  IgG, lactoferin, lysozyme, vitamin A, C and E. SIgA generated broncho mammary and α2--microglobulin substances that protect against syncytial virus and inhibit and lowering the risk of infection with Haemophilus influenzae contained in the mouth and nose. Babies who are not breastfed full or partial ARIs at greater risk due to lack of intake of protective substances in the breast milk. The incidence of acute respiratory diseases are at highest order resulting morbidity and mortality of children in the district OKU in 2014 amounted to 52.2% and increased by 53% in 2015. Unmatched case control study with a quantitative approach, the study subjects children aged 6-24 months. Data analysis using Stata program consists of univariable, bivariable and multivariable logistic regression with 95% CI. Significant relationship with ARIs early weaning (OR = 2.72  95% CI = 1.08 - 6.83). The average episode of ARIs was 2.8 times every year. Early weaning increase risk of ARIs in children 6-24 months.</p>

Diabetes mellitus is a disease caused by declining levels of insulin that is characterized by increased blood sugar levels that can cause some chronic diseases in some organs of the body. The problem in this case study is the non-compliance diet in diabetes mellitus type 2 patients. Non-compliance diet is the behavior of a person who does not follow the recommended diet by a physician or other health worker who can cause treatment results is not to be ineffective. This research aims to get an overview of the implementation of nursing health education in Diabetes mellitus type II patients with dieting problems. This method type of research is narrative in the form of literature studies. The article criteria/research results used in this study consist of 6 (six) articles/research results published online between 2015-2019. The articles/results of such studies are available in full text for researchers to use as data for analysis. The result this research is based on the results of previous research obtained and articles as a reference to literature study there is a way to reduce the problem of dietary disobedience in patients with type II of DM, one of them using the implementation of health education nursing. Health education is needed because DM disease is a lifestyle-related disease that needs an increase in knowledge to change lifestyles. Therefore, it is gained that knowledge is very influential about the diet adherence to DM patients type II and health education is the proper implementation to solve the problem.

Tujuan: Manusia terdiri dari bio, psiko, sosial dan spiritual yang merupakan satu kesatuan yang tidak dapat dipisahkan satu dengan yang lain. Jika ada salah satu unsur dari ke empat aspek tersebut akan mempengaruhi yang lainya. Perawat perlu meneliti apakah ritual atau ibadah yang klien anut telah terganggu akibat penyakit atau perawatan di Rumah Sakit. Klien yang beragama islam mungkin berkeinginan untuk ritual sembahyang (shalat) mereka ke dalam rutinitas perawatan kesehatan, untuk memastikan kepastian ketenangan jiwa bagi klien dan keluarganya. Survei awal yang dilakukan peneliti pada bulan oktober 2016 di 3 Ruang rawat inap di RSUD dr. H. Ibnu Sutowo Baturaja (18 orang pasien) didapatkan dari 36 responden didapatkan 4 pasien (12%) menyatakan masih rutin shalat, 7 pasien (19%) menyatakan jarang melakukan shalat, dan sisanya 25 pasien (69%) menyatakan tidak pernah melakukan shalat selama dirawat. Penelitian bertujuan melihat faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemenuhan kebutuhan spritual (shalat) bagi pasien yang dirawat di RRI RSUD dr. Ibnu Sutowo Baturaja.Metode: Variabel yang diteliti adalah pemenuhan kebutuhan shalat, pengetahuan, kebiasaan, sarana dan sikap/dukungan perawat dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan spritual (shalat) pasien. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Cross sectional dengan populasi 488 pasien rawat inap sampel diambil dengan teknik Simple Random Sampling menggunakan Rumus Stanley Lemeshow (presisi mutlak) didapatkan sampel minimal 109 responden. Penelitian dilakukan di Ruang rawat inap penyakit dalam dan bedah sebanyak 4 ruangan.Hasil: Hasil penelitian dari 109 responden didapatkan 80,7% (88 pasien) selama dirawat pasien tidak pernah mengerjakan shalat. Sedangkan ketika di rumah hanya 5,5% (6 orang) yang tidak pernah mengerjakan shalat. Untuk tingkat pengetahuan 53,2% (58 pasien) mempunyai pengetahuan kurang tentang shalat. Sarana ada 73,2% tersedia, sikap perawat tidak mengingatkan untuk shalat 81,7% (89 pasien). Hasil uji statistik menggunakan Chi Square didapatkan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan dengan pemenuhan kebutuhan spritual (shalat) pasien di Ruang Rawat inap RSUD dr.Ibnu Sutowo Baturaja tahun 2017. Analisis Multivariat didapatkan faktor sikap perawat yang dominan pempengaruhi perilaku pemenuhan kebutuhanspiritual (shalat pasien).Simpulan: Disarankan Pihak Rumah Sakit melalui PKMRS, untuk memberikan penyuluhan kepada pasien dan keluarga tenang hubungan kebutuhan ibadah dan proses penyembuhan. Bidang Diklit dan bidang pembinaan mental dapat membuat pelatihan bagi tenaga kesehatan khususnya perawat yang paling lamaberinteraksi dengan pasien untuk diadakan pelatihan membimbing pasien dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan spiritualnya.Kata Kunci: Shalat, pengetahuan, kebiasaan, sarana, sikap perawat

<p>Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) still a health problem in the world resulting in high mortality and morbidity. Every year 13 million children under five died, 95% of deaths occur in developing countries and 4.5 million deaths due to respiratory infection. Takes effort and hard work to reduce mortality of children under five are caused by ARIs. ARIs episodes in children under five in the world generally between 3-8 times every year. Breast milk is a natural nutrient that contain IgA (SIgA), IgE, IgM,  IgG, lactoferin, lysozyme, vitamin A, C and E. SIgA generated broncho mammary and α2--microglobulin substances that protect against syncytial virus and inhibit and lowering the risk of infection with Haemophilus influenzae contained in the mouth and nose. Babies who are not breastfed full or partial ARIs at greater risk due to lack of intake of protective substances in the breast milk. The incidence of acute respiratory diseases are at highest order resulting morbidity and mortality of children in the district OKU in 2014 amounted to 52.2% and increased by 53% in 2015. Unmatched case control study with a quantitative approach, the study subjects children aged 6-24 months. Data analysis using Stata program consists of univariable, bivariable and multivariable logistic regression with 95% CI. Significant relationship with ARIs early weaning (OR = 2.72  95% CI = 1.08 - 6.83). The average episode of ARIs was 2.8 times every year. Early weaning increase risk of ARIs in children 6-24 months.</p>

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