Diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disorder in the world. The metabolic dysregulation of diabetes mellitus affects multiple organs like Kidneys, nerves, eyes and heart. Worldwide Among all diabetics, 20-40% of the people are suffering from Diabetic Nephropathy. Oxidative stress is increased by hyperglycemia in which Reactive Oxygen Species has been implicated in the pathology of these complications. The aim of our present study is one such attempt to find the role of oxidative stress by estimating the levels of oxidants and anti oxidant levels in diabetic nephropathy in ethnic south Indian population. 30 diagnosed cases of diabetic Nephropathy  were taken as cases and 30 age and sex matched Type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients were included as controls in the study. For oxidant levels Malondialdehyde (MDA) was estimated and for anti oxidant levels Super oxide Dismutase (SOD), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx), Glutathione Reductase (GR) were measured. Statistically significant increase is observed in the levels of Malondialdehyde in cases when compared to controls. There is no statistical significant difference in the levels of Superoxide dismutase and Glutathione peroxidase between cases and controls. Whereas statistical significant difference is observed in the levels of Glutathione reductase in Diabetic Nephropathy cases when compared with controls.

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Overweight and obesity in youth is a worldwide public health problem. Predisposition to obesity starts during the first or second decade of life. Overweight and obesity in adolescents have a substantial effect upon many systems, resulting in clinical conditions such as metabolic syndrome, early atherosclerosis, dyslipidaemia, hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our study was done to find the relation between body mass index (BMI) and lipid profile in young adults (18-20 years) and for the correlation between the various parameters. 150 young adults between 18-20 years of age, who gave written voluntary consent were included in the study. BMI was calculated after measuring height and weight along with fasting blood samples for estimation of blood glucose and lipid profile [Total cholesterol, High density lipoprotein (HDL), Low density lipoprotein (LDL), Very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and triacylglycerol (TGL)] were measured. The data collected was analysed using Statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) statistics software version 20. A linear correlation regression analysis was done to know the correlation between the anthropometric measurements and biochemical parameters. ANOVA test was performed to know the significance and a p value of < 0.01 was taken as significant. All the biochemical parameters showed a positive correlation with BMI. Total cholesterol had the highest positive correlation with BMI. There was a prevalence of 39.3% overweight/obesity as per BMI cut-off. Individuals who were in the obese category had a higher prevalence of abnormal lipid profile especially total cholesterol. Stress and lack of physical activity have a detrimental effect on health and are a major risk factor for development of obesity. 90% of the students in this study did not have any regular physical activity. Educating the students about effects of obesity and dyslipidaemia on quality of health can help in bringing life style modifications which can help them in the long run.