ResumoO frozen yogurt é uma sobremesa fermentada congelada que apresenta características estruturais semelhantes ao sorvete e propriedades nutricionais e sensoriais que se assemelham ao iogurte. A acidificação da mistura base por meio das bactérias lácticas pode influenciar as propriedades do frozen yogurt. Por esse motivo, o presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a influência do pH nas características físico-químicas e sensoriais de frozen yogurt de morango. A formulação consistiu de 6 % de gordura láctea; 10 % de sólidos desengordurados do leite; 11 % de sacarose; 3 % de xarope de milho; 0,3 % de emulsificantes e 0,5 % de estabilizantes. As misturas base de frozen yogurt foram elaboradas com diferentes pontos finais de fermentação, valores de pH de 4,5; 5,0 e 5,5. O preparado de frutas de morango foi adicionado à mistura base fermentada em um nível de 4 % (m/m). De acordo com os resultados, o pH da mistura base de frozen yogurt não influenciou as concentrações de proteína, gordura e cinzas, enquanto que os teores de acidez, açúcares redutores, não redutores e totais sofreram influência do pH em decorrência da fermentação. Avaliou-se a aceitabilidade dos frozen yogurts em relação aos atributos sabor, textura, aspecto global e acidez ideal. Observou-se que o pH influenciou a aceitação do frozen yogurt, sendo que os tratamentos com pH final de 5,0 e 5,5 apresentaram maior aceitabilidade para todos os atributos avaliados e acidez mais próxima à ideal. Por meio da análise de componentes principais verificou-se que as características físico-químicas teor de acidez titulável e concentração de açúcares (redutores, não redutores e totais) tiveram efeito na aceitação do produto. Em conclusão, os frozen yogurts de morango com pH 5,0 e 5,5 demonstraram boa aceitação sensorial e, assim, apresentam potencial de serem melhor explorados pelas indústrias de gelados comestíveis. Palavras-chave: Frozen yogurt, pH, caracterização físico-química, aceitação sensorial AbstractFrozen yogurt is a frozen fermented dessert which presents structural characteristics similar to ice cream and nutritional and sensorial properties which resemble to yogurt. The acidification of ice cream mix by means of lactic bacteria can influence the properties of frozen yogurt. For that reason, the present work aimed to evaluate the influence of pH on the physicochemical and sensorial characteristics of strawberry frozen yogurt. The formulation consisted of 6 % of milk fat, 10 % of milk solids-not-fat,
ResumoAs plantas do marmeleiro 'Japonês' (Chaenomeles sinensis Koehne) vem sendo amplamente pesquisadas nos últimos anos em função da alta produtividade, da resistência à entomosporiose e da capacidade de servir como porta-enxerto para as demais cultivares. Visando propiciar o aproveitamento dessa cultivar para o consumo humano, o presente trabalho objetivou desenvolver e avaliar a aceitação da geleia de marmelo 'Japonês' em diferentes concentrações de sólidos solúveis totais. Os frutos utilizados no experimento foram colhidos na Fazenda Experimental da EPAMIG, localizada no município de Maria da Fé-MG. Para a obtenção das geleias, os frutos foram processados até se obter um produto final com as concentrações de 66, 68 e 70 °Brix de sólidos solúveis totais. O teste de aceitação foi realizado por um grupo de 50 julgadores não treinados que avaliaram aparência, consistência, aroma, sabor, aspecto global e intenção de compra dos diferentes tratamentos. Os resultados obtidos revelaram que as geleias de marmelo 'Japonês' apresentaram uma boa aceitação para todos os atributos avaliados, sendo que, de uma forma geral, as amostras com 68 e 70 °Brix obtiveram maior aceitabilidade e intenção de compra pelos julgadores. Palavras-chave:Marmelo 'Japonês'; Chaenomeles sinensis Koehne; Sólidos solúveis totais; Análise sensorial; Geleia. SummaryIn recent years, Japanese quince (Chaenomeles sinensis Koehne) plants have been widely studied due to their high productivity, resistance to entomosporium and ability to serve as rootstock for other cultivars. In order to facilitate the use of this cultivar for human consumption, the present study aimed to develop and evaluate the acceptance of a Japanese quince jam with different concentrations of total soluble solids. The fruits used in the experiment were harvested at the Experimental Farm of EPAMIG, located in the city of Maria da Fé, MG, Brazil. To obtain the jams, the fruits were processed to obtain a final product with concentrations of 66, 68 and 70 °Brix with respect to the total soluble solids. Acceptance testing was performed by a group of fifty non-trained panellists, who evaluated the appearance, texture, aroma, taste, overall acceptance and purchasing intention of the different treatments. The results showed that the Japanese quince jams were well accepted with respect to all the attributes, and that, in general, the samples with 68 and 70 o Brix showed greater acceptability and purchasing intention amongst the tasters.
The use of biodiesel in the Brazilian's energy matrix presents several technological, environmental, and social advantages. However, note that biodiesel is less stable to storage compared to diesel. In this context, the aim of this work was to study the oxidation behavior of biodiesel using traditional analytical methods normally applied to oils and fats as well as an innovative technique, the Easy Ambient Sonic-spray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (EASI-MS). Initially, biodiesel samples were oxidized and analyzed at different time intervals using traditional methods and EASI-MS. Among the traditional methods, the peroxide value, which measures the primary oxidation products, was the major parameter that changed during the induction period (IP) of soybean biodiesel samples oxidized in Rancimat at 110°C. The formation of the secondary oxidation products occurred primarily after the IP, which was evidenced by the increase in the anisidine value, polar compounds, acidity, and kinematic viscosity. The rate of formation of the oxidation products was higher as the assay temperature increased, using samples at room conditions, oven at 60°C, and Rancimat at 110°C. Additionally, the end of soybean biodiesel stability at room temperature was predicted using an exponential model fitted to data obtained in accelerated oxidation experiments. According to results obtained by EASI-MS, it was possible to identified secondary oxidation products at the molecular level, such as aldehydes and dimers. These products characterize biodiesel samples in advanced stages of oxidation. Additionally, EASI-MS was shown to be efficient to evaluate the oxidation of soybean and soybean/beef tallow (70/30) biodiesel samples during its shelf-life based on the evolution of the ion of m/z 349. This ion corresponds to the major hydroperoxide formed at those biodiesel samples. In conclusion, the main parameters that change during the oxidation of biodiesel were verified in this study. Additionally, it was also demonstrated that EASI-MS is a simple and fast analytical tool able to be used as a screening technique to evaluate the oxidative quality of biodiesel.
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