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Introduction: Cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis) is widely spread in Egypt and acts as a reservoir for many diseases. Few study described the anatomical and histological picture of its gastrointestinal tract which plays an important role in its nutrition habits in correlation to transmission of diseases. Materials and Methods:The present work was carried out on ten cattle egrets of different age and sex. After euthanized; five birds were subjected to normal dissection to study their gross anatomy by injection of 10% formalin. The GIT of the other five birds were sampled and directed to the microscopic anatomy (light, electron microscopy and histochemical study). Results:The lining epithelium and glands all over the GIT, except the alveolar cells of the proventriculus, were strong alcian blue and Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) positive. The cone shape proventriculus was covered internally with an eosinophilic mucous layer, the C shape gizzard, and spherical pyloric part of the stomach was covered internally with soft gel likeeosinophilic mucous koilin layer and desquamated cells. The U-shape duodenum and the thicker wall jejunum till the Michel's diverticulum, after this diverticulum ileum starts with straight, short and less numerous intestinal villi. The single left cecum of lymphoid type with nodular lymphoid tissue. Enteroendocrine cells were observed all over the stomach and intestine which demonstrated by Grimelius' silver method. Methyl green pyronin method used demonstrates Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). Conclusion:All micro and microscopic features in the study indicate that the cattle egret is carnivores' bird.

Nowadays, pig has been chosen as the potential source of organs and cells for human to overcome a sever shortage of human material for clinical transplantation especially in the last 10 years by use of genetically modified swine. Consequently, the present study was conducted to give detailed information about the distribution of the blood vessels and bile ducts and their topographic relations, which may give a useful base for the hepatic segmentation in this animal aiming to provide a correct base for surgical procedures and liver transplantation. � The present study was conducted on 33 livers of pigs. Dissection, casting and radio-opaque techniques have been applied to show the different ramifications of the portal vein, hepatic artery and bile duct systems as well as their topographic relations with proposals of hepatic segmentation. The results revealed that, the caudate, right lateral and right medial lobes were supplied by R. dorsalis dexter and R. ventralis dexter of the portal vein in addition to R. dexter of the hepatic artery and right hepatic duct. The quadrate, left medial and left lateral lobes were supplied by the R. sinister of the portal vein and hepatic artery and left hepatic duct. � The liver of the pig could be divided into two independent segments; right and left. These two segments were separated by a segmental plane passed from the esophageal notch dorsally to the fossa of the gall bladder ventrally.

Celiac artery in domestic fowlRezk and El-Bably

The present study provides detailed anatomical description of the parotid and mandibular salivary glands of the one humped camel with their segmentation based on arterial blood supply and salivary ducts; to facilitate partial removal of the pathologic gland. The shape, position, relations and blood supply of both salivary glands with their ducts were studied on six cadaveric heads. The mandibular and parotid ducts were injected with Urographin® as contrast medium; through inserting the catheter into their openings in the oral cavity; then applying lateral radiography immediately after the injection. The common carotid arteries were injected with red Latex Neoprene and dissected. The parotid gland was irregular rectangular and had five processes while the mandibular gland was irregular triangular with rounded proximal and pointed distal extremity. The parotid duct enters the oral cavity on the cheek opposite the upper 4th molar tooth. The mandibular duct opens in the oral cavity at the sublingual caruncles on the sublingual floor, just about 2cm cranial to frenulum linguae. Both The parotid and the mandibular salivary glands could be divided into four segments. Partial removal of the pathologic parotid or mandibular salivary glands could be performed based on their segmentation. Tumor arrest could be established by ligation of the arterial supply of specific part of the gland.