No abstract

Potential distributions in overcurrent protection operation of two different positive-temperature-coefficient (PTC) resistors, A and B, with a driving voltage of the order of 100 V were measured by an electron-beam probe in the scanning electron microscope. The measurement accuracy of the specimen potential was 0.7 V (the standard deviation) in the range from -70 to 70 V. Measured potential distributions for two kinds of PTC resistor showed that the maximum electric field strength in one resistor increased with the driving voltage VD, while that in the other resistor had a tendency to be saturated in the range of VD greater than 30 V.

No abstract

In a real circuit, the bridge impedances should be low to make parasitics negligible, and the current consumption A RC-bridge arbitrary-phase switching circuit of the buffers should be large to drive them, However, the is proposed and fabricated as a 2-GHz 5-bit phase shifter using silicon BiCMOS technology. The maximum phase error is 6.5 degrees, which is slightly larger than 1/2 LSB. measured result is still than in the previous work [31.

No abstract