In most countries, the problems of energy and environment are becoming worse. To deal with the environmental impacts and the dependence on fossil energy, many solutions were proposed. Plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) is one of the best technique among these solutions. However, the large number of PEVs connected to the power grid simultaneously might increase power fluctuation or even cause the electricity shortage and thus affecting the typical use of the basic load. To cope with this issue and inspire PEV users coordinating with scheduling results, an algorithm was proposed to ensure the power transmission safety of branches and maximize the economic benefits. Considering the cost of both PEV owners and the power grid, a two-phase model of optimizing PEVs charging and discharging behaviors was built. According to the traveling purpose of PEV owners and the current electricity price, in the first phase, a novel model which defines each PEV’s charging or discharging status was established. The number of PEVs’ charging and discharging in each charging station can be obtained. Considering the constraints on the power transportation of branch, in the second phase, we built a mathematical model to maximize the benefit of both power grid and PEV owners. The genetic algorithm was used to optimize the charging and discharging power of PEVs. Simulation results show that the optimization method proposed in this paper has a better performance on the daily power curve compared with the uncoordinated PEVs charging.

The blood pressure (BP) control rate among treated hypertensives in China remains low at 37.5%. The relationship between home blood pressure telemonitoring (HBPT) and BP control is controversial. The authors aimed to investigate the relationship between HBPT and BP control in middle‐aged and elderly hypertensives. In total, 252 hypertension patients aged between 60 and 79 years were enrolled. The patients were given either HBPT through interactive platforms between physicians and patients (telemonitoring group, n = 126) or conventional management (routine management group, n = 126). All patients were followed‐up for 15 months. BP control was defined as home systolic blood pressure < 135 mm Hg and home diastolic blood pressure < 85 mm Hg. At baseline, there were no significant differences in the baseline BP control rate (p = .083). However, after 15 months, the BP control rate improved in both groups, and the telemonitoring group (71.3%) had a significantly higher BP control than the routine management group (49.8%) (p < .001). The change of BP control rate from baseline in the routine management group increased by 26.1%, and that of the telemonitoring group increased by 35.4%. The results of the fully adjusted binary logistic regression showed that HBPT was positively associated with BP control after adjusting for confounders (OR = 4.15, 95% CI 2.05–8.39). Similar results were observed after 3, 9, and 12 months. The association of HBPT with BP control was similar in subgroups. In conclusions, HBPT is recommended for BP control in middle‐aged and elderly hypertensives in the community setting.

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In this study, a novel fiber with slit-crescent-shaped cross-section is proposed to enhance the filtration performance of PM 2.5 in fibrous filtration. The collection efficiency of this fiber is simulated by using a Brownian dynamics simulation technique, and its filtration pressure drop is obtained by numerically solving Navier-Stokes equation with Fluent software. A parametric study is performed to improve the optimum filtration performance of the slit-crescent-shaped fiber via adjusting its structural parameters (dimensionless center-to-center spacing and slit width). Results indicate that at the optimal condition, i.e., when dimensionless slit width ranges from 0.2 to 0.4, collection efficiency is enhanced by 13.1%–101.1% relative to the circular fiber for particles ranging from 0.1μm to 2.5μm for the slit-crescent-shaped fiber under various dimensionless center-to-center spacing, and filtration pressure drop is reduced by up to 14.4%. In addition, quality factor is introduced to evaluate the comprehensive filtration performance of the slit-crescent-shaped fiber with different structural parameters, and results show that large dimensionless slit width and small dimensionless center-to-center spacing lead to a much higher quality factor than the circular fiber, especially for particles lager than 0.5μm. The numerical results obtained in this work are conducive to designing high efficiency fibrous filters.

Fractal theory is a very effective method for investigating pore-structure of fibrous porous materials, which build a bridge between micro-morphology and macro-performance. Fractal dimension was calculated based on the fractal theory and combined with computer virtual building model technology, which was explored to describe the pore structure of virtual fibrous porous materials. The geometric model construction program was completed to generate virtual filter media which has straight fiber and bending fiber. These fibers are randomly distributed in two directions or three directions. A variety of virtual fibrous media were used to calculate packing density or porosity and fractal dimension. The fractal dimension of 2D or 3D pore structure was calculated by the soft and the effects of packing density or porosity on fractal dimension were also discussed. Fractal dimension of the two-dimensional cross-sectional view, plan view or section view has the same form of expression, their coefficients was different with the variation in position observations. The results show that the fractal dimension decreases continuously with the increase of fiber diameter, but it increases gradually with the packing density increasing. Furthermore, the relationships between the fractal dimension and the fiber diameter and packing density were obtained.