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Introduction: Socket preservation enhances healing and reduces bone loss during healing of extraction socket. Objectives: To assess the effect of bio-absorbable collagen wound dressing (CollaTape®; Zimmer) on the of healing of extraction sockets in rabbits when applied alone and combined with IngeniOs Beta tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) synthetic bone particles. Materials and methods: Sixteen rabbits were included in this study in which lower left first premolars were extracted and then divided into three groups including: Control group (4 animals) in which the sockets were left for normal healing, Collatape group (the sockets were closed with CollaTape collagen wound dressing alone) and IngeniOs β-TCP group (6 animals) in which the sockets were filled with synthetic bone particles and were closed with CollaTape collagen wound dressing. Euthanasia were done 2 and 6 weeks respectively. Socket healing was examined and evaluated histologically and analyzed histomorphometrically. Results: At 2 weeks of healing, it was observed in all groups that the sockets were filled with newly formed woven bone. The percentage of newly formed bone was lowest in control group followed by Collatape group while β-TCP group showed highest values. At 6 weeks healing period, the socket entrance was sealed with compact bone and the rest of the socket was filled with trabecular bone. β-TCP group showed the highest values of the percentage of the formed bone. Conclusions: It was confirmed that IngeniOs β-TCP enhances bone formation during socket healing and could be used for socket preservation

Rift valley fever virus (RVFV) causes severe disease, abortion and deaths in domestic animals (especially) p). At day 28 post injection of the animal, blood was collected for each group then after at sacrifice the liver enzymes (SGPT&SGOT),cellular changes were evaluated using cytokines expression (IFN-γ & IL-5) the exposed and non exposed ELF were studied survival rate and histopathology were demonstrated. The results: In vitro the data highly significant growth enhancement & inhibition respectively occurred in RVFV injected

Ultraviolet (UV) light is an electromagnetic radiation below the visible wavelengths. Their use in cercariae attenuation needs to be examined. In the present work, Schistosoma mansoni cercariae was exposed to UV radiation. Few studies showed previously an inflicted damage seen on the adult schistosome worms developed from irradiated cercariae. The aim of the study was to find out whether this damage was attributed to direct effect of UV-irradiation on cercariae or due to the host's immunogenicity induced by UV-irradiated cercariae. Single as well as multiple exposures of cercariae to UV Light were examined. They were exposed to UV light, for 1, 2 and 3 hrs and then, were subjected to different treatments: the first one was for the assessment of cercarial viability after one hour of the 3 different treatments. The second one was for rabbit infection and the third one was for cercarial antigen preparation. The cercarial antigens (Ag) were recognized by protective antibodies (IgG1 fractions) which then, were separated and purified from vaccinated rabbit's serum. This cercarial Ag was identified as UVISmC1 gene encoding a protein showing 100% identity at the amino acid level with previously identified S. mansoni clones; theses clones are encoding 51.7 kDa antigens elicited as a result of direct effect of UV radiation on cercariae as well as host's immunogenicity induced by UV irradiated cercariae. This was verified by the recognition of this Ag prepared from E coli clones isolated from cDNA expression library. In conclusion, the data showed a remarkable potency of the UV-radiation-attenuated cercaria in eliciting differential high effectiveness in Ab response under laboratory conditions at 1, 2 and 3 hrs of UV light output at 254 nm. An understanding of the protective immune response elicited by RA cercaria may help in designing a candidate vaccine which is still needed.