This research investigated the biological effects of Pseudomonas putida2 and Pseudomonas fluorescens3 as biocides to inhibit Fusarium fungi growth and as biofertilizers to improve growth characters of sesame crop grown in contaminated soil with Fusarium under field conditions compared with Dithen. Results showed mixture of vaccine Pseudomonas putida2 + Pseudomonas fluorescence3 together was more effect on Fusarium growth and increased growth characters much higher than each isolate alone. Both isolates scored significant improving in morphological, physiological and productivity characters for sesame compared with control and Dithen treatments. But mixture of P. putida2 + P. fluorescens3 treatment together (Fusant) as a biocide and biofertilizers gave higher significant results in increasing chlorophyll content, percentage of N, P, K in total dry weight of shoot, branch no./plant, height of plant, leaf area per plant, leaf no./plant, pods no./plant, grains no./pod, total weight of 1000 grains, total yield of grains/plot, and percentage of oil in sesame grains. The values were 3.21 mg/gm, 4.18%, 0.44%, 3.87%, 45.8 branch/plant, 151.7 cm/plant, 59.
The study was conducted in the west area of Iraq on the right side of Euphrates river, during Spring season of 2004. The goal was to study the effects of organic fertilizer (cow manure) and nitrogen fertilizer (urea N 46 %) on growth and productivity of potato crop var. Diesseri. Cow manure fertilizer used in two levels (0, 20 ton/ h) while nitrogen fertilizer used also in two levels (0, 200 kg N/ ha). Complete Block Randomized Design with three replicates was used in this experiment. The results showed the following: 1. Superiority of organic fertilizer treatment (20 ton/ ha) in comparing with nitrogen fertilizer treatment in most morphological, physiological and productivity characters. 2. Superiority of nitrogen fertilizer treatment (200 kg N/ ha) in comparing with organic fertilizer treatment in chlorophyll contents and total tuber number per plant. 3. Organic fertilizer treatment gave total yield and protein percentage in tuber 34.844 ton/ ha and 1.78% respectively. While nitrogen fertilizer treatment gave 30.636 ton/ ha and 1.68% respectively. Control treatment gave total yield 19.511 ton/ ha and protein percentage 1.32% respectively. 4. Organic fertilizer treatment increased yield and protein percentage by 78.5% and 34.6% respectively compared with control treatment. 5. No significant interaction between nitrogen and organic fertilizer treatments.
Two field experiments were conducted under field conditions under a sprinkler irrigation system in the West desert of Iraq, Al-Qaim Area, 400 km west of Baghdad. Underground water was used as a source of irrigation water to study the effect of different rates and different times of boron application on wheat cv. Ibaa99. RCBD with five treatments and three replications was used in this study. Boron dose was 2 kg/ha for soil application method and 0.30 kg/ha for foliar application method. Boron treatments were: 0 (control T1), 2 kg B ha-1 at sowing time (T2), 2 kg B ha-1 at 30 days after sowing (T3), 0.3 kg B ha-1 foliar application at 60 days after sowing (T4) and 0.3 kg B ha-1 for foliar application at 90 days after sowing (T5). Most boron treatments gave a significant increase as compared with control in morphological, physiological and productivity characters of wheat crop. The results revealed that B application treatment at 30 days after sowing time increased significantly the 1000 grains weight (17.6%) while T5 treatment increased significantly the chlorophyll content (12.41%) over control. In most cases, B application treatment at 60 days after sowing time showed the best results and increased significantly the plant height (5.24%), leaf area (9.18%), number of grains spike-1 (30.9 %), number of spike m-2 (18.8%), spike length (65.6%), Grains yield (34.6%) over control. There was evidence that the best dose of boron was 0.3 kg B ha-1 and the best time of B application to the foliage was at 60 days after sowing.
The Experiment was conducted in pots contain 9 kg of soil during the season of 2005/2006 to study the effect of nitrogen day and night sprayed in various pushes and to study the interference between them in some morphological characters of two cultivars of wheat ( Abu Ghraib and Altahady). Complete random design (CRD) was used with three replicates. The results were as the following:The treatment of 6 pushes of foliar spraying with nitrogen for the two time day and night scored the highest value for height of plant (43.33, 42.9 cm/plant), leaf number (13.58, 11.07 leaf/plant), leaf area (28.25, 27.74 cm 2 /plant), branch number (2.22, 1.98 branch/plant), shoot dry weight (3.01, and root dry weight (0.93, 0.89 gm/plant) respectively. Both cultivars were more response for night nutrition spray much better than day nutrition spray. Abu Ghraib cultivar more response to all treatments than Altahady cultivar. Interaction treatment of 6 foliar pushes nitrogen fertilizer at night gave the highest values for all characters for both cultivars ٧١
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