Although the aetiology of type 2 diabetes is complex, it is well accepted that insulin resistance leads to sustained hyperglycaemia or hyperlipidaemia, which consequently results in cellular ER stress and/ or ROS overproduction in pancreatic β-cells, whereas ER stress or ROS causes cell damage or even apoptosis. 1-6 Pancreatic β-cell loss plays an important role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. To reveal the
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