The problem is legitimate The recent attacks in Paris have highlighted three key issues Europe faces currently. The most obvious one, of course, is the issue of political violence. Although the official figures national governments provide each year to Europol do not place the category of "religiously inspired" on top of the list of attacks, convictions or acquittals (Irish, Corsican and Basque separatists are still ahead) and the total number of attacks is in decline (
This article considers the use of control orders in the United Kingdom as an example of one of the most important legal aspects of the “war on terror”: the development, alongside the criminal justice approach, of a pre-emptive system. It argues that in relation to such orders the executive has in effect sought to redefine key human rights in a manner that, at its most extreme, amounts to covert derogation, and that both Parliament and the judiciary have been to an extent drawn into and made complicit in this process. It highlights key aspects of this story in order to illustrate some broader points about the role of judges, Parliament, and the rule of law in response to such exceptional measures. It argues that the attempted minimization of the ambit of rights, the spreading use of secret evidence, and the damaging constitutional impact of excessive judicial deference, are of great significance beyond UK counterterrorism law and can help illuminate both the opportunities and the dangers in constitutional dialogue.Cet article étudie les ordres de contrôle au Royaume-Uni à titre d’exemple d’un des aspects les plus importants de la réponse juridique à la « guerre contre le terrorisme » : le virage d’une justice pénale réactive vers la création d’un système préemptif parallèle. Les auteurs soutiennent qu’en ce qui a trait à ces ordres, l’exécutif tente de redéfinir les droits fondamentaux de la personne, ce qui, dans les situations extrêmes, revient à y déroger secrètement. Ils ajoutent que tant le Parlement que l’appareil judiciaire ont d’une certaine manière été associés à ce processus et en sont devenus complices. L’essai souligne certains aspects de cet enjeu afin d’illustrer des questions plus larges sur le rôle des juges, du Parlement et de la primauté du droit face à de telles mesures exceptionnelles. Les auteurs soutiennent que cette tentative de réduire la portée des droits, l’utilisation croissante d’éléments secrets de preuve ainsi que les effets dommageables de la déférence judiciaire excessive sur la constitution ont une importance qui s’étend au-delà des lois anti-terroristes britanniques. Ces enjeux peuvent jeter de la lumière tant sur les bienfaits que sur les dangers du dialogue constitutionnel
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