Background: Sepsis is a common, life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. In 2017, estimated cases for sepsis reached 48.9 million worldwide, with 11 million deaths. Adequate antibiotic therapy is crucial for the treatment of sepsis. Purposes: The objective of this study is to find factors related to sepsis patient outcomes. Methods: We conducted a 1-year retrospective descriptive study with the inclusion criteria of all adult sepsis patients in Tarakan District Hospital in 2018. We compiled 39 samples that fit the inclusion criteria. Results: The distribution gender of this study were 51.2% female and 48.8% male patients; with most patients in the age of <65 years old (53.8%), <7 days in the length of stay (72%), and the most common source of infection was gastrointestinal (33.3%) followed by lungs (28.2%). Conclusion: We found a mortality rate of 59%, with the most common source of infection leading to death was the lungs (81.2%) and treated with single ceftriaxone antibiotic therapy (78.3%). Another factor associated with mortality is inadequate single antibiotic therapy.

Urinary tract infections are infections from the bladder to the renal parenchyma, and can affect all ages. Empirical therapy can reduce morbidity, but due to the use of antibiotics that are not appropriate will have an impact on resistance that will cause increase morbidity, mortality, and health costs. In the Southeast Asian region, high use of antibiotics were found almost more than 80% in various provinces in Indonesia. This study aims to assess the appropriatness use of antibiotics in hospitalized patients with UTIs in the District Hospital X in the period January 2017 - June 2019 using gyssens criteria. This is retrospective study. Research data sourced from medical records. Data was collected and assessed with Gyssens flow, then processed using Microsoft Excel. The results found 15 cases (46.88%) with the appropriate use (category 0), 3 cases (9.37%) incorrect interval (category IIB), 1 case (3.33%) incorrect dosage (category IIA ), 10 cases (31.25%) too short given (category IIIB), 3 cases (9.37%) too long given (category IIIA). Empirical therapy inpatients with diagnosis urinary tract infections atvDistrict Hospital X, 46.8% of antibiotics were used appropriately.

Antepartum depression is a mental health issue that is frequently ignored and often leads to suicidal behaviours. The harmful effects of antepartum depression are not only experienced by mothers, but also by children in the future. Depression due to pregnancy is usually attributed to several causes, including the biological component. Biological shifts that arise during gestation interrupt the maternal stress protection mechanism, one of which is the dysregulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA-axis) resulting in hypersecretion of cortisol. Excessive release of cortisol as a stress hormone has been correlated with depressive symptoms, particularly throughout pregnancy. Recently, dietary factors, in particular dietary fiber, have become of concern as component that is recognized to attenuate stress hormones. The dietary fiber that is ingested will be digested by intestinal bacteria and will produce short-chain fatty acids as the essential metabolites. These metabolites are known to play a role in various brain functions, including HPA-axis through various means. The objective of this research is aimed at determining the function of dietary fiber within cortisol as a biomarker of the central stress response system, particularly throughout pregnancy.

Pneumonia merupakan penyebab utama keenam kematian di Amerika Serikat. Pada anak-anak, pneumonia adalah satu-satunya penyebab kematian terbesar di dunia yaitu sekitar 15% dari semua kematian anak di bawah usia lima tahun. Prevalensi kejadian pneumonia menurut Riset Kesehatan Dasar di Indonesia pada tahun 2013 yaitu sebesar 4,5%. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) adalah patogen paling umum penyebab pneumonia. Pada saat terapi empiris biasanya terjadi penggunaan antibiotik yang berlebihan dan tidak tepat sehingga menyebabkan resistensi antibiotik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian diambil dengan teknik total population sampling, yaitu seluruh pasien  terdiagnosis pneumonia yang dirawat inap di Rumah Sakit Paru Dr. M. Goenawan Partowidigdo selama periode Januari – Juni 2019 yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi sejumlah 74 orang. Bahan penelitian yaitu data sekunder berupa data rekam medis. Didapatkan pola bakteri penyebab pneumonia didominasi oleh bakteri gram negatif dan didapatkan tiga bakteri terbanyak. Dari hasil uji kepekaan antibiotik pada bakteri gram positif, didapatkan antibiotik yang memiliki tingkat sensitivitas diatas 70% adalah linezolid, nitrofuranton, teicoplanin, dan vancomycin. Sedangkan, pada gram negatif adalah amikacin, gentamicin, imipenem, meropenem, dan piperacillin-tazobactam.