The wound healing process is major cause of glaucoma surgery failure and enhances the incapability of controlling the IOP. This aim of study was to evaluate the angiogenesis effect of Bevacizumab injection on the amount and density of blood vessels in the rabbit model after trabeculectomy. It was a true experimental study using 16 eyes of 16 New Zealand White Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) that divided into two groups. The control group was treated with 0.05 ml of Balanced Saline Solution (BSS). The experimental group was treated with subconjunctival injection of 1.25 mg Bevacizumab in 0.05 BSS. All rabbit was sacrificed, and the eye was enucleated. Thus, the bleb area was dissected after 14 days. Histopathological analysis was performed to evaluate the amount and density of blood vessels. The mean amount of blood vessels in the control group was 22.63 ± 11.02, and the experimental group was 14,75 ± 4.92 (p=0.043). The mean of blood vessel density in the control group was 19.10 ± 1.69 %, and the experimental group was 16.53 ± 2.90 % (p=0.029)%. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p<0.05). Subconjunctival bevacizumab in the rabbit model reduces the amount and density of blood vessels compared with subconjunctival BSS injection.

Background: Lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) can be caused by irritable bowel disease. Haematochezia is one of the LGIB symptoms. Profuse haematochezia is a rare complication in Crohn’s disease. Case Presentation: We reported a 24-year-old patient with profuse haematochezia with severe anaemia and hypovolemic shock. Anamnesis, physical examination and colonoscopy showed that haematochezia was caused by Crohn’s disease. Colonoscopy was done after the patient was hemodynamically stable with findings of external haemorrhoid and multiple ulcers with varying size (0.5–2 cm) on ascending colon, caecum and terminal ileum. The tissue histopathology of ileocecal junction indicated intestinal epithelia with partially eroded, crypts infiltrated by inflammatory cells, swollen lamina propria with proliferation and dilation of blood vessels indicting the Crohn’s disease. The patient then treated with Crohn’s disease medical therapy including low dose oral steroid, sulfasalazine and antibiotics. Clinical improvement was found on one week follow-up after discharge from hospital. Conclusion: Profuse haematochezia could be associated with Crohn’s disease and the comprehensive approaches should be taken to manage the Crohn’s disease with such presentation.

Stress and inflammation have significant roles in tumor growth. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is a molecular chaperone under stress conditions, such as carcinogenesis and cancer managements. Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) is an inducible enzyme, regulated in response to variety of proinflammatory agents, like tumor promoters. The overexpression of HSP70 and COX-2 has been shown to be implicated in poor prognosis of cancer patients. There is a high degree of heterogeneity between tumours that can be seen from the different aggressiveness, such as tumor proliferation/growth (tumor size). All of the heterogeneity factors determine the risk of disease progression and therapeutic resistance. The purpose of this study was to analyze the expression of HSP70 and COX-2 in tumour proliferation (T stage) of invasive breast carcinoma of no special type (NST). Sixty samples were tested using an analytical observational design with cross sectional approach. We collected these samples from year 2016 to 2020 and divided them into 4 groups based on T stage (T1, T2, T3, T4). Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect the expression of HSP70 and COX-2. There were significant differences of HSP70 (p= 0.030) and COX-2 (p=0,000) expression in the four groups There was no significant correlation between HSP70 and COX-2 expression (p=0,181) in the four groups. HSP70 and COX-2 have an important role in tumour proliferation therefore can determine prognosis and targeted therapy in breast cancer patients.

The wound healing process is major cause of glaucoma surgery failure and enhances the incapability of controlling the IOP. This aim of study was to evaluate the angiogenesis effect of Bevacizumab injection on the amount and density of blood vessels in the rabbit model after trabeculectomy. It was a true experimental study using 16 eyes of 16 New Zealand White Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) that divided into two groups. The control group was treated with 0.05 ml of Balanced Saline Solution (BSS). The experimental group was treated with subconjunctival injection of 1.25 mg Bevacizumab in 0.05 BSS. All rabbit was sacrificed, and the eye was enucleated. Thus, the bleb area was dissected after 14 days. Histopathological analysis was performed to evaluate the amount and density of blood vessels. The mean amount of blood vessels in the control group was 22.63 ± 11.02, and the experimental group was 14,75 ± 4.92 (p=0.043). The mean of blood vessel density in the control group was 19.10 ± 1.69 %, and the experimental group was 16.53 ± 2.90 % (p=0.029)%. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p<0.05). Subconjunctival bevacizumab in the rabbit model reduces the amount and density of blood vessels compared with subconjunctival BSS injection.

Osteosarkoma adalah keganasan primer pada tulang yang paling sering ditemukan, memiliki distribusi usia bersifat bimodal dengan kecenderungan metastasis yang tinggi dan di RSUD Dr.Soetomo paling banyak ditemukan pada stadium Enneking IIB dan IIIB. Hal ini menunjukkan pentingnya faktor prognosis dalam meningkatkan angka ketahanan hidup penderita. β4 integrin dan COX-2 terkait dalam menilai prognosis suatu osteosarkoma. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan ekspresi β4 integrin dan COX-2 sebagai marker prognostik pada osteosarkoma stadium Enneking IIB dan IIIB. Desain penelitian adalah analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian dengan total sampling didapatkan 39 blok parafin penderita osteosarkoma stadium Enneking IIB dan IIIB di RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya periode 1 Januari 2013 hingga 31 Desember 2017. Ekspresi β4 integrin dan COX-2 dideteksi dengan pewarnaan imununohistokimia menggunakan antibodi monoklonal β4 integrin dan COX-2, evaluasi ekspresi berdasarkan nilai scoring semikuantitatif. Perbedaan ekspresi β4 integrin dan COX-2 dianalisis secara statistik dengan Mann Whitney dan hubungannya dianalisis menggunakan uji Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak didapatkan perbedaan ekspresi β4 integrin dan COX-2 terhadap osteosarkoma stadium Enneking IIB dan IIIB (p > 0,05). Tidak didapatkan hubungan ekspresi β4 integrin dan COX-2 terhadap osteosarkoma stadium Enneking IIB dan IIIB (p > 0,05). Didapatkan hubungan bermakna antara ekspresi β4 integrin dan COX-2 (p = 0,008 dan r = 0,41). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah tidak didapatkan perbedaan dan hubungan antara ekspresi β4 integrin serta COX-2 terhadap stadium Enneking IIB dan IIIB, sehingga kedua protein tersebut tidak dapat digunakan sebagai marker prognostik.