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RESUMORecentemente, a escassez global dos combustíveis fosseis, além de questões políticas, econômicas e ambientais impulsionaram a busca por combustíveis oriundos de fontes renováveis. Neste contexto, o biodiesel surge como um promissor combustível sucedâneo ao diesel mineral, seja parcial ou totalmente. O Brasil é o segundo maior produtor e consumidor mundial de biodiesel, sendo que o sebo bovino é o segundo insumo mais utilizado para a produção deste biocombustível no país, atrás apenas da soja. Diante disso, este artigo de revisão bibliográfica aborda as principais vantagens e limitações relacionadas ao uso desta matéria--prima para obtenção de biodiesel no Brasil, destacando fatores econômicos e ambientais, suas características físico--químicas, além de aspetos relativos à sua cadeia produtiva. PALAVRAS--CHAVE:Vantagens, Limitações, Sebo bovino, Biodiesel. ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS OF BEEF TALLOW AS FEEDSTOCK FOR BRAZILIAN BIODIESEL INDUSTRY ABSTRACTRecently, the global shortage of fossil fuels, as well as political, economic and environmental issues, have boosted the search for fuels obtained from renewable sources. In this context, biodiesel emerges as a promising substitute fuel for mineral diesel, either partially or totally. Brazil is the second largest biodiesel producer and consumer in the world and beef tallow is the second most used feedstock to produce this biofuel in the country, after soybean. Thus, this review deals with the main advantages and limitations related to beef tallow use as source for biodiesel production in Brazil. It is emphasized beef tallow economical and environmental factors, its physical and chemical properties, as well as aspects concerning its production chain.

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South America is responsible for 16% of the world's agricultural production and 21% of the world's livestock. Palm harvesting has been gaining special attention, with constant growth in Brazil, Colombia, and Ecuador. Fast expansion in palm plantations in the equatorial zone around the world has been motivated by an increase in farming of species such as Elaeis guineensis, Elaeis oleifera, and Elaeis odora. Parallel to the increase of oil-palm harvesting, the generation of residues is an important aspect to take into consideration. This work presents an overview of palm cultivation in South America, focusing on the full use of the fruits of the palm for biodiesel production. It also discusses the status of the main projects in South America for second-generation biofuels production from governmental agencies and private institutes. From the data consulted it was determined that Colombia, Ecuador, and Brazil have policies and incentives for the agrobusiness of oil-palm production.