Police officers who work outdoors are exposed to ultraviolet and air pollution which have a direct and cumulative impact on eye. Meanwhile, police officers who work indoors are exposed to radiation of computer/laptop that can cause eyestrain. In addition, the usage of AC can also cause eye problem. This study aimed to obtain the eye-related complaints of indoors and outdoors police officers at Polda Gorontalo. This was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. Samples were 50 respondents divided into 2 groups: outdoors and indoors police officers. The result showed that most of the police who worked outdoors (56%) complained blurred and strained eyes after being exposed to ultraviolet exposures within hours. Moreover, most respondents (72%) complained of itchy eyes due to air pollution. Meanwhile, police officers who worked indoors complained of blurred (92%) and strained eyes (100%) due to the usage of laptops or computers, and painful eyes (64%) due to air condition.Keywords: eye-related complaints, police officers, outdoors, indoorsAbstrak: Polisi yang bekerja di luar ruangan berpeluang terpapar sinar ultraviolet dan polusi udara yang berdampak langsung dan kumulatif pada kesehatan mata. Polisi yang bekerja di dalam ruangan juga mempunyai keluhan yang bisa terjadi di mata akibat penggunaan komputer/laptop dengan tingkat radiasi yang dapat menyebabkan kelelahan pada mata. Selain itu, kualitas udara seperti penggunaan AC di dalam ruangan juga bisa mengakibatkan keluhan mata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keluhan mata pada polisi yang bertugas di luar ruangan dan di dalam ruangan di Polda Gorontalo. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan potong lintang yang bersifat deskriptif dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 50 responden. Hasil penelitian pada polisi yang bertugas di luar ruangan sebagian besar responden (56%) mengeluh mata menjadi kabur dan merah setelah terkena sinar ultraviolet dalam waktu berjam-jam sedangkan akibat paparan polusi udara sebagian besar menyatakan mata menjadi gatal (72%). Pada polisi yang bertugas di dalam ruangan didapatkan pada penggunaan laptop sebagian besar mengeluh mata kabur (92%) dan mata lelah (100%) sedangkan penggunaan AC menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden (64%) menyatakan keluhan mata nyeri.Kata kunci: keluhan mata, polisi, di luar ruangan, di dalam ruangan

Esodeviation is an ocular anomaly in which the visual axis has a manifest or latent misalignment. Diagnosis of this anomaly needs a further thorough examination of an ophthalmologist. This study was aimed to obtain the profile of esodeviation patients at Ophthalmology Clinic of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. This was a descriptive retrospective study using the medical record data of patients with esodeviation from January 2014 to August 2017. There were 21 patients with esodeviation during that period of time, consisted of 13 males (61.9%) and 8 females (38.1%). The age range was 1-12 years old with the highest percentage in 5 years old (16 patients; 76.1%). The esodeviation types were esotropia accounted in 15 patients (71.4%) and esophoria in 6 patients (28.6%). Refraction anomalies were the most common etiology of esodeviation (57.1%). Squint was the main complaint (61.9%) and 22 degree prism was the most deviation degree (66.7%). Conclusion: In this study, esodeviation was most common in males, age under 5 years, esotropia type, squint as the main complaint, with refraction anomaly as the main cause, and deviation less than 22 degrees prism.Keywords: esodeviation, esotropia, esoforia, etiology, deviation degreeAbstrak: Esodeviasi adalah keadaan dimana aksis visual tidak lurus baik manifes maupun laten. Diagnosis esodeviasi memerlukan pemeriksaan lebih lanjut dari seorang dokter ahli mata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan profil klinis esodeviasi di Poliklinik Mata RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado dengan menggunakan data rekam medik pasien dari Januari 2014 hingga Agustus 2017. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan sebanyak 21 pasien, terdiri dari 13 pasien (61,9%) laki-laki dan 8 pasien (38,1%) perempuan. Rentang usia berkisar 1-12 tahun dengan usia terbanyak di bawah 5 tahun sebanyak 16 pasien (76,1%). Tipe esodeviasi terbanyak ialah esotropia sebanyak 15 pasien (71,4%) dan esoforia sebanyak 6 pasien (28,6%). Etiologi terbanyak ialah kelainan refraksi (57,1%). Keluhan utama pasien berobat ialah mata terlihat juling (61,9%) dan derajat deviasi terbanyak ialah kurang dari 22 derajat prisma (66,7%). Simpulan: Pada penelitian ini, esodeviasi terutama dijumpai pada jenis kelamin laki-laki, usia <5 tahun, tipe esotropia, keluhan mata juling, dengan etiologi kelainan refraksi, dan derajat deviasi <22 derajat prisma.Kata kunci: esodeviasi, estotropia, esoforia, etiologi, derajat deviasi

Nowadays, the popularity of contact lens increases progressively, not only in refractive anomaly correction but also in fashion purposes. Albeit, among contact lens wearers, there is a tendency of the occurence of eye infection, especially the cornea. We reported a 13-year-old female that came to the Eye Departement of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado with the main complaint of blurred left eye since a week ago. Physical examination resulted in normal right eye and its visual acuity was within normal limit (6/6). Examination of the left eye resulted in visual acuity of 1/300, palpebral blepharospasm, conjunctival and ciliar injections, anterior stromal defect of 3x5 mm in the cornea, and hypopion <1mm in the anterior chamber. The ultrasound examination showed spreading aggregations and turbidity of the vitreous body. This patient was diagnosed as emmetropia of the right eye and contact-lens-induced endophthalmitis of the left eye. The therapy consisted of tobramycin, artificial tears, polyvinylpyrrolidone, vitamin C, mefenamic acid, and chlorpheniramine maleate tablet. Although there was improvement of visual acuity and clinical signs during 8-day hospitalization, the prognosis was good for ad vitam but poor for functionam and sanationam. This case indicates that education to the contact lens wearers is still needed even in this modern era.Keywords: contact lens, endophthalmitisAbstrak: Dewasa ini, lensa kontak mengalami peningkatan popularitas yang pesat, bukan saja dalam hal kelainan refraksi tetapi juga untuk keperluan mode. Pemakaian lensa kontak berisiko terjadinya infeksi pada mata, terutama kornea. Kami melaporkan seorang perempuan berusia 13 tahun, datang ke Poliklinik Ilmu Kesehatan Mata, RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado dengan keluhan pandangan mata kiri kabur sejak satu minggu lalu. Pada pemeriksaan fisik ditemukan mata kanan (OD) dalam batas normal dengan visus 6/6. Pada mata kiri (OS) didapatkan visus 1/300, blefarospasme palpebra, injeksi konjungtiva dan silier, pada kornea terdapat defek 1/3 anterior stroma dengan ukuran 3x5 mm, dan pada kamera okuli anterior terdapat hipopion setinggi <1 mm. Hasil pemeriksaan USG dari OS menunjukkan gambaran agregat yang menyebar dan kekeruhan vitreus. Pasien didiagnosis dengan emetropia okuli dekstra dan endoftalmitis okuli sinistra yang diinduksi penggunaan lensa kontak. Terapi yang diberikan ialah antibiotika tobramisin, artificial tears, polyvinylpyrrolidone, vitamin C, asam mefenamat, dan klorfeniramin maleat tablet. Pasien mengalami perbaikan visus dan gejala klinis selama delapan hari rawat inap. Prognosis pasien tergolong baik untuk prognosis ad vitam tetapi tergolong buruk untuk functionam dan sanationam. Kasus ini mengindikasikan bahwa edukasi terhadap pengguna lensa kontak tetap diperlukan dalam era modern ini.Kata kunci: lensa kontak, endoftalmitis

Amblyopia is the reduced of visual acuity in one or both eyes despite had been corrected with spectacles without any structural abnormalities of the eye and the rear sight path. Amblyopia occurs in about 2-3% of the population, but lacking of concern will lead to detrimental life. This study was aimed to obtain the prevalence of amblyopia in elementary school students of SD Negeri 6 Manado. This was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. Samples were 317 elementary school students aged 6-12 years old. Data were obtained by using auto refractometer and Snellen chart as well as pinhole test to assess the eyes disorders. The results showed that of all respondents there were 7 students (2%) with amblyopia. Based on the age of the incidence of amblyopia there were 3 students of 8 years old (43%) and 1 student each in the age of 7 years, 9 years, 11 years, and 12 years (14.25%). Amblyopia was found in 4 (57%) female students and 3 (43%) male students. Further studies are needed with a larger coverage area to obtain the prevalence of amblyopia more accurately.Keywords: amblyopia, prevalence, school-age children Abstrak: Ambliopia adalah berkurangnya ketajaman penglihatan pada satu atau kedua mata walaupun sudah dengan koreksi kacamata terbaik tanpa kelainan struktur pada mata maupun lintasan penglihatan bagian belakang. Ambliopia merupakan masalah dalam penglihatan pada 2-3% populasi, tapi bila dibiarkan akan sangat merugikan kehidupan penderita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui angka kejadian ambliopia di SD Negeri 6 Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dan pengumpulan data dilakukan secara potong lintang. Sampel ialah 317 siswa berusia sekolah 6-12 tahun. Pengambilan data dengan menilai kelainan refraksi menggunakan auto refrraktometer dan Snellen chart serta pinhole untuk menilai kelainan pada mata. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan dari seluruh responden didapatkan 7 anak (2%) mengalami ambliopia. Berdasarkan usia, angka kejadian ambliopia pada usia 8 tahun sebanyak 3 anak (43%) dan pada usia 7 tahun, 9 tahun, 11 tahun serta 12 tahun sebanyak 1 anak (14,25%). Berdasarkan jenis kelamin angka kejadian ambliopia pada perempuan yaitu 4 anak (57%), sedangkan laki-laki sebanyak 3 anak (43%). Studi lanjut diperlukan dengan cakupan wilayah dan jumlah sampel yang lebih luas sehingga mendapatkan nilai prevalensi ambliopia yzng lebih akurat. Kata kunci: ambliopia, angka kejadian, anak usia sekolah

Background: retinal neurodegeneration has been known to happen before any vascular lesion detected in the histological study in diabetic induced rats. This research was aimed to analyse neurodegeneration of the retina anatomically in vivo on the diabetic patient before any lesion could be seen clinically as the manifestation of microvascular disease.Method: comparative observational research was conducted on two groups, i.e. normal and NDR (no diabetic retinopathy) which fulfil the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The macular thickness of each group measured with Stratus OCT machine. The collected data was analysed statistically.Result: samples of 42 eyes collected from 21 patients in the normal group and 41 eyes collected from 22 patients in the NDR group. The normal group consisted of 20 (48%) males and 22 (55%) females while NDR group consisted of 17 (41%) males and 24 (59%) females. The age mean was 51.33 years on the normal group and 53.44 years on the NDR group. The sex and the age difference between the two groups had no statistical significance. Statistical analysis on the two groups showed very significant reduction of the macular thickness apply to all macula region except for the foveal minimal and superior outer which only showed significant reduction. The thinning of macula showed a greater extends of reduction on the fovea and inner ring compare to outer ring.Conclusion: there was thinning of macula as result of retinal neurodegeneration on the early diabetic patient before any microvascular lesion could be seen (no diabetic retinopathy/NDR). Keywords: neurodegeneration, diabetes mellitus, macular thickness, OCT