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The accumulation and distribution of electron-induced secondary electrons around epoxy resin are studied using electron holography. The distribution of secondary electrons is determined to be sensitive to the surface conditions of the epoxy resin, particularly to the presence of conductive materials on the surface that are introduced during specimen preparation processes. These results provide a deeper understanding of the charging and discharging mechanisms for epoxy resin, and the behavior of secondary electrons around these materials. This study also provides a new perspective for the visualization of various forms of electron behavior around insulating materials such as epoxy resin through the control of their surface characteristics.

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Gold nanoparticles have been commonly made by a wet process from chloroauric acid or dry process using vacuum evaporation to solid surfaces. Here, we have shown a method to make gold particle from gold electrodes in potassium chloride solution by AC electrolysis and the following Turkevich method. The developed AC electrolysis method provides an environment-friendly process to produce gold particles from gold electrodes without using any strong acids such as aqua regia or hydrochloric acid.

This paper presents current research trends in advanced electron microscopy techniques for materials science. The survey is based on the special issue of Materials Transactions published in October 2019 (Vol. 60, No. 10). Advanced electron microscopy has been applied extensively to characterize various materials. The recent development and extension of analyses of electric fields and the collective motions of secondary electrons by in situ electron holography are discussed in detail.