A pot experiment was conducted during 2019 pre-kharif season in acid soil at College of Agriculture, Iroisemba, Cental Agricultural University, Imphal to investigate the effect of five levels of boron (viz., 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 kg B ha -1 ) and two levels of lime (L1=unlimed and L2=limed) on boron concentration and dry matter yield of green gram (Vigna radiata L.) variety DGGS-4. Results revealed that irrespective of different treatments there was an increasing trend of plant boron concentration and dry matter yield up to harvest of the crop. Significantly higher boron concentration and dry matter yield were recorded in green gram grown in soil added with boron over control at different crop growth stages. Application of boron in absence of lime resulted in an increase in boron content of greengram. Irrespective of boron application, liming enhanced dry matter yield of the crop. The combined application of lime and boron at 2 kg ha -1 enhanced the dry matter yield of green gram followed by addition of lime and 1.5 kg B ha -1 at different growth stages. This shows higher agronomic efficiency of boron and lime.

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Agriculture, as one of the oldest and most essential human endeavors, has constantly evolved through the integration of technology. In recent years, nanotechnology has emerged as a pivotal tool, redefining traditional agricultural paradigms. This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted implications and applications of nanotechnology within agriculture, providing a holistic view of its past, present, and future roles. Historically, nanotechnology's initial foray into agriculture sought to tackle prevalent challenges, from pest control to soil fertility. Despite some early obstacles, this merger has since showcased myriad successful applications, underscored by targeted and efficient solutions that significantly enhance crop yield and food quality. The present-day agricultural landscape is punctuated by nano-fertilizers ensuring optimal nutrient uptake, nanopesticides targeting pests with minimal off-target effects, nanosensors enabling precision agriculture, nano-based food packaging enhancing shelf life, and nanomaterials aiding in disease diagnosis and treatment. However, with innovation come challenges. The environmental and health ramifications of introducing nanoparticles into ecosystems remain a concern. While they promise reduced chemical usage and waste, potential issues like nanoparticle accumulation, unknown long-term effects, and possible toxicity necessitate rigorous research and regulation. Economically, the nano-agri sector promises substantial yield increases, but it also requires significant investments. As the technology permeates the agricultural supply chain, ramifications on job markets, trade dynamics, and global competitiveness become evident. Looking forward, anticipated advancements include smart nanodevices, potent nano-bio interfaces, and self-repairing materials. Nanobots, soil health rejuvenation techniques, and advanced nano-encapsulation are among the many potential R&D avenues. The road ahead requires collaborative efforts from governments, research institutions, farmers, and the private sector. Public-private partnerships, in particular, could prove indispensable, merging public sector oversight with private sector innovation.

Biofortification is a promising agricultural approach for addressing micronutrient shortages and increasing the nutritional content of food crops. Micronutrient deficiencies, also known as "hidden hunger," continue to affect many people around the world, particularly in underdeveloped countries. This presentation emphasises the need of biofortification in solving this worldwide health issue. Biofortification tries to improve the level of important micronutrients such as iron, zinc, vitamin A, and iodine in edible plant portions by using traditional breeding techniques or current biotechnological procedures. Iron-fortified beans, zinc-enhanced rice, vitamin A-rich sweet potatoes, and iodine-enriched crops are all examples of successful biofortified crops. To maximise their impact, biofortification programmes must be integrated with nutrition education and agronomic practises, according to the abstract. Governments, research institutes, non-governmental organisations, and the commercial sector must work together to scale up biofortification activities and build healthier, more resilient communities around the world.