Background: Considering the benefits of breastfeeding and the role of breastfeeding in the transmission of COVID-19, the mother can continue breastfeeding, while applying the necessary protective measures. Aim: to assess knowledge and practices of breastfeeding mothers regarding protective measures for their neonates from COVID-19. Design: A descriptive correlational design. Subject: A convenient sample of 104 breastfeeding mothers and a purposive sample of their hospitalized neonates. Setting: The NICUs at Maternity and Gynecological Hospital and Children's Hospitals affiliated to Ain Shams University Hospital and Benha Specialized Pediatric Hospital affiliated to Ministry of Health and Population. Tools: (1) Interviewing Questionnaire contained 3 categories: Characteristics of the studied mothers, breastfeeding history of mothers, knowledge of mothers about COVID-19 & protective measures during breastfeeding, (2) Neonatal Medical Record included characteristics of the studied neonates (3) Observational Checklists regarding hand hygiene, wearing & removing face mask, respiratory hygiene, preventing coronavirus spread practices, breastfeeding practice and milk expression. Results: less than three quarters of studied mothers had unsatisfactory knowledge regarding protective measures of COVID-19 and more than half of them had unsatisfactory practices regarding protecting their neonates from COVID19. Conclusion: Findings of present study concluded that there was a statistical significant relation between studied mothers' total knowledge and their education, age & job. Whereas, there was a statistical significant relation between their total practice and their educational level and there was a positive correlation between mothers' total knowledge and their total practice toward protective measures for their neonates against COVID-19. Recommendations: designing and implementing educational programs to improve mothers' knowledge and practices about protective measures of COVID-19 during breastfeeding their neonates.

Contents: A fever can have various causes. Fever can be the only sign of a sick child. It may be combined with several problems.   Aim:  Evaluate warm water footbath effectiveness on the temperature and fatigue level among children with fever. Methods: Quasi-experimental pre/post, study, and control groups design was used. A non-probability purposive sample composed of 100 children, 50 in each study and control groups, their age ranged from 6-12 years with fever. The study was conducted in the Medical and Surgical wards, Emergency Unit (ER), Oncology and Hematology Units, and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) at Children Hospital affiliated to Ain Shams University. Four tools were used. A Structured Interviewing Questionnaire. It is composed of two parts; the first part was concerned with the socio-demographic characteristics of children. The second part was concerned with the child's medical history. The second tool was the Child's Vital Signs Chart (pre & post). It was used to assess the child's vital signs, especially temperature. The third tool was Fatigue Scale Child (FS-C), and the fourth tool was Fatigue Scale Staff (FS-S) (pre & post) were used to assess the fatigue level among children pre- and post-applying warm water footbath from child perceptions and researcher's evaluation as a staff. The intervention was a warm water footbath applied for 20-30 minutes. Results: The mean score level of children's age was 10±1.3 & 10±1.5 years for both the study and control groups, respectively. Nearly two-thirds of them (68% &62%) were boys in the study and control groups, respectively. There were significant differences in the temperature and fatigue score among children with a fever between the study and control groups after the application of warm water footbath therapy. Also, statistically significant differences between the children mean scores of temperature and fatigue pre- and post-footbath in the study group children. Conclusion: Warm water footbath is effective in reducing the temperature and fatigue level among children with fever. Recommendations: Warm water footbath should be involved in fever management protocol for children as a complementary therapy, and further studies with a large sample and another age group of children in another setting are also recommended.

Arterial blood gases analysis considered a method for monitoring high-risk neonate's condition as it provides the basic information for determining the adequacy of alveolar ventilation, acid-base status and oxygenation. Nurses' attention should be given to the following factors; infection control or universal precautions as the neonates are at high risk of infection. Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of a computer-based learning module on nurses' performance regarding safety arterial blood gases sampling for high risk neonates. Methods: A quasi-experimental research design conducted at Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) and Surgical Neonatal Intensive Care Unit "SNICU" of Benha Specialized Pediatric Hospital. A purposive sample of available nurses (62) and high-risk neonates (74). Researchers used three tools as Online nurses' self-administered questionnaire designed to assess nurses' personal characteristics and nurses' knowledge regarding safe blood sampling for high-risk neonates. The second tool was nursing practice observation checklists. The third tool was High-risk Neonates' Medical Assessment Record. Results: Findings of the current study revealed a statistically significant difference pre and post computerized-based learning module implementation regarding safety arterial blood gases for high-risk neonates. The results also revealed a highly statistically significant difference in nursing knowledge and practices (p<0.001). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the research hypothesis is accepted, the implemented computerized-based learning module improved nurses' knowledge and practices towards safety arterial blood gases sampling for high-risk neonates. The study recommended conducting periodical online programs for nurses in NICUs with continuous regular updating of knowledge and practice regarding safe arterial blood gases sampling for high-risk neonates.

Context: A high alert medication (HAM) is a medication that causes serious harm if it is used in error. Neonatal nurses are responsible for administering HAMs; incorrect administration can significantly affect clinical outcomes. Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing guidelines on nurses' performance regarding HAMs at neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Methods: A quasi-experimental design (pre/post-test) was utilized. The study was conducted at NICUs in Children's Hospital and Maternity and Gynecological Hospital affiliated to Ain Shams University. A convenience sample of 80 nurses caring for high-risk neonates was included in the current study from the previous setting for six months. Two tools were used to collect data. They are a structured interview questionnaire and nurses’ performance observational checklist. Results: The nurse's mean age was 27.79±6.83. 35% of them have worked part-time jobs. A highly statistically significant improvement was shown post-test compared to the pre-test regarding the nurses' knowledge and practices about HAMs at 0.001. Conclusion: The present study concludes that applying nursing guidelines interventions improved the neonatal nurses' knowledge and practice related to HAMs. The study recommended emphasizing the importance of using nursing guidelines of HAMs interventions for improving neonatal nurses' knowledge and practices at NICUs.

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