Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the death of dopaminergic (DA) neurons and currently cannot be cured. One selected antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) is reported to be effective for the treatment of PD. However, ASO is usually intrathecally administered by lumbar puncture into the cerebral spinal fluid, through which the risks of highly invasive neurosurgery are the major concerns. In this study, ZAAM, an ASO-loaded, aptamer Apt 19S-conjugated, neural stem cell membrane (NSCM)-coated nanoparticle (NP), was developed for the targeted treatment of PD. NSCM facilitated the blood–brain barrier (BBB) penetration of NPs, and both NSCM and Apt 19S promoted the recruitment of the neural stem cells (NSCs) toward the PD site for DA neuron regeneration. The behavioral tests demonstrated that ZAAM highly improved the efficacy of ASO on PD by the targeted delivery of ASO and the recruitment of NSCs. This work is a heuristic report of (1) nonchemoattractant induced endogenous NSC recruitment, (2) NSCM-coated nanoparticles for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, and (3) systemic delivery of ASO for the treatment of PD. These findings provide insights into the development of biomimetic BBB penetrable drug carriers for precise diagnosis and therapy of central nervous system diseases.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevailing malignant primary brain tumor, and the precise diagnosis of GBM has always been a challenge. Gboxin is a recently developed drug efficiently inhibiting the oxidative phosphorylation in GBM cells, and both the chlorotoxin (CLTX) and GBM cell membrane coating are capable of GBM targeting and tumor homing. Herein, the near‐infrared (NIR) persistent luminescence (PL) nanoparticle, CUDZG, with a dual function of imaging and therapy is developed based on ZnGa2O4:Cr3+,Sn4+. CUDZG exhibits superior rechargeable NIR PL for at least 48 h with excellent tissue penetration in vivo, which enables the longstanding autofluorescence‐free imaging of the orthotopic GBM. The tumor growth of both the orthotropic and subcutaneous GBM‐bearing mice are significantly suppressed by CUDZG. This is the first‐time report of 1) the integration of CLTX and cell membrane coating for drug delivery, 2) diselenide‐based trigger release for anti‐GBM therapy, and 3) the systemic delivery of Gboxin. This study also offers an example of the highly promising blood‐brain penetrable drug carriers for precise diagnosis and therapy of central nervous system diseases.

Glioblastoma Targeted Therapy In article number 2209579, Wang and co‐workers report a near‐infrared persistent luminescence nanoparticle for the diagnosis and targeted therapy of glioblastoma (GBM). GBM cell membrane (GCM) coating and chlorotoxin enhanced the blood‐brain barrier (BBB) penetration and the targeting and tumor‐homing of GBM. This study offers an example of the highly promising drug carriers for precise diagnosis and therapy of central nervous system diseases.

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