The purpose of this study was aimed to analyze the effect of indigenous people's perceived impact of tourism development on tribal quality of life and the support attitude toward tourism development. The research subjects were indigenous people who were at least 20 years old and came from one of eight Alishan tribes in Taiwan. This study conducted an investigation by random sampling, a total of 850 questionnaires were distributed and obtained 827 valid questionnaires. The valid return rate was 97.29%. Statistical analysis was performed on the valid questionnaires using descriptive statistics and partial least squares (PLS). According to the analytical result, Alishan indigenous people feel the negative environmental impact brought by tourism is the highest, but in terms of quality of life, they also maintain of nature and culture. When the positive economic, environmental, and sociocultural impact of tourism is higher, tribal quality of life and indigenous people's support attitude toward tourism development will be more significant; however, when the negative economic, environmental, and sociocultural tourism impact is higher, tribal quality of life will be lower and indigenous people will tend to resist tourism development. Quality of life was found to be a moderator between tourism impact and support attitude toward development. This study proposed suggestions for indigenous tribes and the government to develop the tourism sector and introduced specific research directions for future tribal tourism researchers.

This study aimed at exploring the factors that affected diving participants to engage in sport tourism. The structure of this research and the survey instrument were developed based upon theories and empirical analysis research that were concerning serious leisure, recreation specialization, and sport tourism. The research subjects were the diving participants in Taiwan who were investigated by adopting questionnaire survey instrument in the study. The Distribution and collection questionnaires were processed on site at the recreation areas and at diving centers as well; a total of 341 valid questionnaires were collected. Based on statistical analysis, this study found as follows: (1) Serious leisure, recreational specialization, and sport tourism were positively correlated. (2) There were significant differences existed in the different demographic characteristics of participants in diving. Based on the findings, suggestions were given on operations for practitioners in water-based recreation industry, and the scarcity of present reference that called for the development of future studies on the domain of adventure recreation was implicated.Index Terms-serious leisure, recreational specialization, sport tourism, and diving.

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There is a lack of empirical research on tourists' participation behavior in island tourism. Therefore, we developed a behavioral model of this type of participation, including the variables of travel information sources, destination image, service quality, satisfaction, and perceived value. We adopted convenience sampling to survey 430 tourists who had participated in marine recreational activities while visiting Jibei Island in Penghu, Taiwan. The results of partial least squares analysis show that travel information sources affected the island's image and the service quality perceptions of tourists; and the island's image, service quality, satisfaction, and perceived value had a positive influence on tourists' behavioral intention to revisit the island and recommend it as a travel destination to family and friends. Our findings provide a reference for island tourism operators to formulate marketing strategies.