The Chinese DQoL reported by early to moderate AD patients has good reliability, but moderate validity because the patients' depressive symptoms did not correlate with their DQoL and the major subscales. Both patients' and FCs' ratings on DQoL are important in research and treatment decision making.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between depression in older nursing home residents and family caregivers’ (FCGs) depressive status and reasons for involvement with residents. Design: This study employed a cross-sectional design. Setting: Eight nursing homes in northern Taiwan. Participants: A total of 139 older resident–FCG pairs were recruited. Measurements: Depression was measured with the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form for nursing home residents and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Short Form for family members. Depression and demographic data were collected with face-to-face interviews. The meaning ascribed to caregivers’ nursing home visits was calibrated using the Family Meaning of Nursing-Home Visits scale. Multiple logistic regression was used to understand the factors related to residents’ depressive symptoms. Results: Depressive symptoms were present in 58.3% of the nursing home residents (n = 81). Depressive status of family members (Chi-square = 1.46, p = 0.23) or family’s visiting frequency (Chi-square = 1.64, p = 0.44) did not differ between residents with or without depressive symptoms. Factors associated with an increased risk of residents having depressive symptoms were age, self-perceived health status, and having a caregiver motivated to visit to assuage their guilt. Conclusions: Visiting a family member to assuage their guilt was the only caregiver variable associated with depressive symptoms for nursing home residents. This finding suggests that developing interventions to improve personal relationships between nursing home residents and family members might facilitate the emotional support of caregivers and psychological support for older nursing home residents in Taiwan.

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Male nurses formally started to engage in nursing practice in Taiwan in 1985. Whether carework is successful or not is dependent upon the professional services provided by nursing personnel who are not constrained by gender and the joint cooperation among male nursing personnel or female nursing personnel. The services provided by nursing personnel can be regarded as an adaptive selling behavior (ASB) for patients. In particular, nursing personnel are the first-line personnel facing different types of patients every day, and the adaptive selling behavior of the care services provided by them will be the key to achieving a successful nurse-patient relationship. This study conducted a questionnaire survey and enrolled 519 female and male nursing personnel as the research subjects to investigate the relationship among nursing personnel's personality, emotional intelligence (EI), and adaptive selling behavior of care services. The ASB of care services of nursing personnel who are more inclined to Type A personality is higher. When the potential disadvantage, lack of patience, existing in nursing personnel with Type A personality is reflected, EI can regulate their relationship. The positive effect on ASB of care services provided by nursing personnel with Type A personality and higher (lower) EI is stronger (weaker), suggesting that when the EI of nursing personnel is higher, the ASB of care services can be strengthened. EI can effectively regulate nursing personnel with Type A personality and the ASB of care services reflected by them. Hospitals are advised to recruit nursing personnel with high EI in the future or increase courses concerning emotions, which may improve the ASB of care services, enable nursing personnel to maintain better interactions with patients, and further increase the amount of overall care services as reference for nursing personnel's educational training.