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All-solid-state lithium−sulfur batteries (ASSLSBs) employing sulfide-based solid electrolytes have gained widespread attention for their high energy density and intrinsic safety. Li 10 SnP 2 S 12 is identified as one of the most rivaling candidates in sulfide electrolytes. Herein, a highly Li-ion-conductive Li 10 SnP 2 S 12 solidstate electrolyte (SSE) is synthesized via a combination of high-energy ball-milling and heat treatment processes, which is more facile and efficient compared with other previously reported methods. The obtained Li 10 SnP 2 S 12 SSE exhibits high ionic conductivity (3.2 × 10 −3 S cm −1 ) at room temperature (RT). The effects of the annealing temperature on the Li-ion conductivity and activation energy of Li 10 SnP 2 S 12 are also thoroughly studied. Moreover, the ASSLSBs based on the Li 10 SnP 2 S 12 electrolyte are constructed, and they deliver a high initial capacity of 1601.7 mAh g −1 at 40 mA g −1 . A favorable capacity retention upon cycling and a good rate performance are also achieved at RT. Concomitantly, the Coulombic efficiency approaches 100% during the prolonged cycling. This work tremendously accelerates the practical applications of the Li 10 SnP 2 S 12 SSE among the emerging high-energy ASSLSBs.

Probiotics were found to be effective in ameliorating the microbial dysbiosis and inflammation caused by intestinal pathogens. However, biological challenges encountered during oral delivery have greatly limited their potential health benefits. Here, a model probiotic (Lactobacillus rhamnosus) was encapsulated in an intestinal-targeted hydrogel to alleviate bacterial enteritis in a novel mode. The hydrogel was prepared simply by the self-cross-linking of thiolated hyaluronic acid. Upon exposure to H 2 S which were excreted by surrounding intestinal pathogens, the hydrogel can locally degrade and rapidly release cargos to compete with source pathogens in turn for binding to the host. The mechanical properties of hydrogel were studied by rheological analysis, and the ideal stability was achieved at a polymer concentration of 4% (w/v). The morphology of the optimal encapsulation system was further measured by a scanning electron microscope, exhibiting uniform payload of probiotics. Endurance experiments indicated that the encapsulation of L. rhamnosus significantly enhanced their viability under gastrointestinal tract insults. Compared with free cells, encapsulated L. rhamnosus exerted better therapeutic effect against Salmonella-induced enteritis with negligible toxicity in vivo. These results demonstrate that this redox-responsive hydrogel may be a promising encapsulation and delivery system for improving the efficacy of orally administered probiotics.