Traditional taxi systems in metropolitan areas often suffer from inefficiencies due to uncoordinated actions as system capacity and customer demand change. With the pervasive deployment of networked sensors in modern vehicles, large amounts of information regarding customer demand and system status can be collected in real time. This information provides opportunities to perform various types of control and coordination for large-scale intelligent transportation systems. In this paper, we present a receding horizon control (RHC) framework to dispatch taxis, which incorporates highly spatiotemporally correlated demand/supply models and real-time GPS location and occupancy information. The objectives include matching spatiotemporal ratio between demand and supply for service quality with minimum current and anticipated future taxi idle driving distance. Extensive trace-driven analysis with a data set containing taxi operational records in San Francisco shows that our solution reduces the average total idle distance by 52%, and reduces the supply demand ratio error across the city during one experimental time slot by 45%. Moreover, our RHC framework is compatible with a wide variety of predictive models and optimization problem formulations. This compatibility property allows us to solve robust optimization problems with corresponding demand uncertainty models that provide disruptive event information. Note to Practitioners-With the development of mobile sensor and data processing technology, the competition between traditional "hailed on street" taxi service and "on demand" taxi service has emerged in the US and elsewhere. In addition, large amounts of data sets for taxi operational records provide potential demand information that is valuable for better taxi dispatch systems. Existing taxi dispatch approaches are usually greedy algorithms focus on reducing customer waiting time instead of total idle driving distance of taxis. Our research is motivated by the increasing need for more efficient, real-time taxi dispatch methods that utilize both historical records and real-time sensing information to match the dynamic customer demand. This paper suggests a new receding horizon control (RHC) framework aiming to utilize the predicted demand information when making taxi dispatch decisions, so that passengers at different areas of a city are fairly served and the total idle distance of vacant taxis are reduced. We formulate a multi-objective optimization problem based on the dispatch requirements and practical constraints. The dispatch center updates GPS and occupancy status information of each taxi periodically and solves the computationally tractable optimization problem at each iteration step of the RHC framework. Experiments for a data set of taxi operational records in San Francisco show that the RHC framework in our work can redistribute taxi supply across the whole city while reducing total idle driving distance of vacant taxis. In future research, we plan to design control algorithms for various types of demand ...

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Daily toothbrushing is essential for maintaining oral health. However, there is very limited technology to monitor the effectiveness of toothbrushing at home. In this paper, a system is built to monitor the brushing quality on all 16 tooth surfaces using a manual toothbrush and an off-theshelf wrist watch. The toothbrush is modified by attaching small magnets to the handle, so that its orientation and motion can be captured by the magnetic sensor in the wrist watch. The toothbrushing gestures are recognized based on inertial sensing data from the wrist watch. As the acoustic signal collected from the watch is correlated with the motion of toothbrushing stroke, acoustic sensing algorithm is designed to assist in recognition. User-specific toothbrushing order is also utilized to improve the surface recognition. In extensive experiments with 12 users over 3 weeks, our system successfully recognized toothbrushing gestures with an average precision of 85.6%. CCS Concepts •Applied computing → Life and medical sciences; •Human-centered computing → Ubiquitous and mobile computing systems and tools;