Objective: To determine the frequency of pancytopenia among patients with vitamin B12 deficiency in a tertiary-care hospital, in Peshawar. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at the Department of Hematology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar from 18/4/2021 to 18/10/2021. In this study, a total of 252 patients were observed. From all patients, a sample of venous blood was obtained and sent to the hospital laboratory for the peripheral smear examination. Pancytopenia was diagnosed based on a peripheral smear showing Hemoglobin below 10g/dL, Total leukocyte counts less than 4,000 cells per mL, platelets count less than150,000 cells per mL, and reticulocyte count <2%. All the peripheral smears were done by an expert hematologist.  Strictly exclusion criteria were followed to avoid cofounders and make the study results clear of any bias. Results: In this study mean age was 42 years with a standard deviation of ± 15.84. Thirty-eight percent of patients were males and 62% of patients were females. Moreover, 5% of patients had pancytopenia and 95% of patients didn’t have pancytopenia. Conclusion:  The frequency of pancytopenia was 5% among the local patients with vitamin B12 deficiency. Keywords: pancytopenia, B12 deficiency, Peshawar, Pakistan.

Background: Dengue is viral disease of human transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquito. The clinical signs and symptoms of dengue infection range significantly, from mild dengue fever to a severe illness. Objective: Our study aims to describe the potential predictive hematological parameters which are associated with severity in dengue patients. Methodology: This study was descriptive study conducted at the department of Pathology (Hematology), Maqsood Medical Complex and General Hospital, Peshawar, for duration of six months from 1st May 2022 to 31st October 2022. Blood samples were taken aseptically from all the included patients and were sent to the hospital diagnostic laboratory where the hematological parameters were determined. All the data was collected in a pre-designed proforma. The data analysis was done by using IBM SPSS version 23. Results: In the current study, a total of 160 patients were enrolled. There were 102 (63.75%) male patients while female patients were 56 (36.25%). Based on the hematological parameters, the mean (±SD) Hematocrit (%), Hemoglobin (g/dl), White cell count (/µL), Lymphocytes(/µL), Neutrophils (%) and Platelets (/µL) in non severe dengue cases vs severe dengue cases were 39.2 (±5.1)% vs 42.3 (±4.3)%, 12.5 (±0.9) g/dl vs 13.9 (±1.8) g/dl, 3290 (±1.4) /µL vs 4750 (±1.6) /µL, 40.6 (±12.19)/µL vs 46.1 (±9.96) /µL, 44.4 (±16.56)% vs 49.4 (±12.44) % and 10,5000 (±1.12) /µL vs 56,000 (±2.36)/µL respectively. Conclusion: Our study concludes that some common hematological markers have a substantial correlation with the severity of dengue illness. Keywords: Hematological indicators; severe dengue; Non-severe dengue