The objective of this study was to investigate the quality and environment properties of traditional Gochujang produced by 56 rural farms in 8 regions of Korea for evaluating the relationship between the components and environmental factors. Based on the regional means at the initiatory and after fermentation, the ranges of moisture content, salinity, pH, and acidity of Gochujang were determined to be from 46.87±7.09% to 43.80±7.17%, from 7.52±2.21% to 8.53±2.57%, from 5.01±0.30 to 4.63±0.34, and from 1.13±0.50% to 1.43±0.58%, respectively. The mean contents of reducing sugar and amino-type nitrogen were from 16.46±7.63% to 20.48±7.57% and from 140.06±78.00 mg% to 198.68±87.11 mg%, respectively. Hunter color values (L, a, and b) of Gochujang were from 26.16±9.27 to 22.49±9.02, from 21.87±6.31 to 20.14±7.58, and from 19.43±11.94 to 19.18±12.06, respectively. Total aerobic number was increased from 6.50±1.29 log CFU/g to 8.15±0.88 log CFU/g, while the fungal number was steadily decreased after fermentation. Next generation sequencing analysis to investigate the microbial communities revealed that

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The effects of barnyard millet (Echinochloa spp.) content (10～30%) on wheat flour dough and noodle properties were investigated. As the amount of barnyard millet increased, the particle size and ash content of mixed flour increased, while lightness tended to decrease. The gelatinization characteristics of millet flour showed higher peak viscosity, holding strength, final viscosity, and setback compared with wheat flour. There was significant positive correlation between protein content and sedimentation volume, as well as between protein content and water absorption. As the amount of barnyard millet increased, hardness, springiness and cohesiveness of wet noodles tended to decrease. From the results of sensory evaluation, composite flours (addition up to 20% barnyard millet) were rated with a quality score for taste and overall acceptance which was comparable with the control flour.

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This study was carried out to evaluate the quality characteristics of Korean domestic commercial white wines. Four sample wines were analyzed in terms of their pH, total acidity, volatile acidity, alcohol content, soluble solid, free SO 2 , total SO 2 , color, free sugar content, organic acid, volatile compounds, total polyphenol content, DPPH radical scavenging activity and sensory characteristics. The pH of wines ranged from 3.06 to 3.76 and their total acidity from 0.43 to 0.83% (v/v). The alcohol content of samples ranged from 9.4 to 12.8% (v/v) and their soluble solid contents from 9.9 to 12.3 °Brix. The free SO 2 and total SO 2 contents of the W1 wine were lower than those of the other wines, while the color intensity, a (redness) and b (yellowness) of W1 wine were higher than the values of the other wines. The malic acid contents of the four wines indicated that complete malolactic fermentation (MLF) occurred in W1, incomplete MLF in W3, and was absent in W2 and W4. Aroma analysis resulted in identification of 10 alcohols, 11 esters, 2 ketones and 6 miscellaneous compounds. 2,3-Epoxybutane and 1-(ethenyloxy)-pentane levels in were significantly higher W1 than the other wines, while several types of ester predominated in W2, W3 and W4. W1 had the lowest sensory score among the four wines. Therefore, the quality characteristics of domestic white wines are considered to be acceptable.