Human activating signal cointegrator 1 (hASC-1) was originally isolated as a transcriptional coactivator of nuclear receptors. Here we report that ASC-1 exists as a steady-state complex associated with three polypeptides, P200, P100, and P50, in HeLa nuclei; stimulates transactivation by serum response factor (SRF), activating protein 1 (AP-1), and nuclear factor B (NF-B) through direct binding to SRF, c-Jun, p50, and p65; and relieves the previously described transrepression between nuclear receptors and either AP-1 or NF-B. Interestingly, ectopic expression of Caenorhabditis elegans ASC-1 (ceASC-1), an ASC-1 homologue that binds P200 and P100, like hASC-1, while weakly interacting only with p65, in HeLa cells appears to replace endogenous hASC-1 from the hASC-1 complex and exerts potent dominant-negative effects on AP-1, NF-B, and SRF transactivation. In addition, neutralization of endogenous P50 by single-cell microinjection of a P50 antibody inhibits AP-1 transactivation; the inhibition is relieved by coexpression of wild-type P50, but not of P50⌬KH, a mutant form that does not interact with P200. Overall, these results suggest that the endogenous hASC-1 complex appears to play an essential role in AP-1, SRF, and NF-B transactivation and to mediate the transrepression between nuclear receptors and either AP-1 or NF-B in vivo.

No abstract

In the present study, we investigated the sulfur poisoning of the Ni anode in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) as a function of operating conditions. Anode supported cells were fabricated, and sulfur poising tests were conducted as a function of current density, H 2 S concentration and humidity in the anode gas. The voltage drop was significant under the higher current density (~ 714 mA/cm 2) condition, while it was much reduced under the lower current density (~ 389 mA/cm 2) condition, at 100 ppm of H 2 S. A secondary voltage drop, which occurred only at the high current density, was attributed to Ni oxidation in the anode. Thus, operation at high current density with high H 2 S concentration may lead to permanent deterioration in the anode. The effect of water content (10%) on the sulfur poisoning was also investigated through a constant current test (~ 500 mA/cm 2) at 10 ppm of H 2 S. The cell operating with 10% wet anode gas showed a much smaller initial voltage drop, in comparison with a dry anode gas. The present study indicates that operating conditions, such as gas humidity and current density, should be carefully taken into account, especially when fuel cells are operated with H 2 S containing fuel.

The growth of Korean economy has continuously declined since 2000, which resulted in the reduction of employment creation opportunity. Futhermore, these circumstances are aggravating the youth job creation. This study investigates the co-creation approach for solving the youth job creation problem. By using the grounded theory on recent newspapers for a year, the study proposes a paradigm model for the youth job creation. Based upon this result, the study creates the conceptual model for the youth job creation, which includes three factors such as process, environment, and institution. This study will contribute not only to the extension of qualitative study on the grounded theory in research, but also to the political implications for the youth job creation in practice.

<목 차> Ⅰ. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 Ⅱ. Co-creation 2.1 Co-creation의 등장배경 및 정의 2.2 Co-creation의 유사개념 Ⅲ. Co-creation 연구동향 분석