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Summary. The review analyzes in detail the data on cytomegalovirus (CMV) as the cause of the development of malignant brain tumors. The use of modern methods of immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction makes it possible to detect both individual proteins and CMV genes in tumor tissue, while virus cannot be isolated from tumor tissue using classical virological methods. The paper discusses the theories of “hit-and-run” and “microinfections”, which explain the mechanism of action of CMV. The data on various molecular mechanisms of transformation of normal cells into tumor cells under the action of CMV are presented. The presence of CMV was shown not only in tumor cells, but also in neural stem cells, monocytes and macrophages. The possibility of using immunotherapy with T-lymphocytes and CMV-based dendritic cellular vaccines for the treatment of cancer patients is discussed in detail. Clinical data on their effectiveness are presented. Three possible mechanisms of the action of immunotherapeutic drugs containing CMV antigens are considered.

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Common immtmoregulatory carbohydrate receptors on the membranes of neurons and sysngeneic peripheral lymphocytes of mice are detected by using lectins. Brain neuron membranes possess no receptors characteristic of immature lymphocytes. The common immunoregulatory receptors on brain neurons and mononuclear cells of peripheral immune organs are shown to represent one of the mechanisms of integration of the nervous and immune systems. Key Words: carbohydrate lectin receptors; neurons; lymphocytes; immunoregulationAccording to current views, many immunoregulatory effects: proliferative, suppressor, and contrasuppresser, are mediated through the binding, expression, or hindrance of certain carbohydrate determinants of lymphokines and membrane receptors of immunocompetent cells by sialic acids [3][4][5]8]. Several types of carbohydrates, namely D-galactose, D-mannose, N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetylgalactosamine, a-fucose, and neuraminic acid, are known to be typically involved in various regulatory reactions between cells [3]. It is known, in particular, that the proliferative response of lymphocytes is primarily induced by mannose-specific receptors, starting from the production of IL-1 by macrophages whose activity is determined by the expression of D-mannose [9], with the subsequent production of IL-2, another mannose-specific glycoprotein, by T lymphocytes [11], and including the production and secretion of IgM, where D-mannose is a constituent of the carbohydrate core of the Accumulated experimental data imply the commonness of immunoregulatory receptors on cell membranes in the nervous and immune systems. The identification of common immunoregulatory receptors on neurons and peripheral blood mononuclear cells may provide a basis for deliberate modification of their structure for the creation of new preparations and methods of diagnosing and treating various CNS disorders. In this connection, the aim of the present investigation was a parallel study of the expression of lectin receptor on neurons and syngeneic lymphocytes in experimental mice in order to clarify one of the mechanisms of integration of the nervous and immune systems. MATERIALS AND METHODSBrains of C57B1/6 mice were aseptically removed into Eagle medium, dissected with a needle, and left at room temperature during 1 hour. Then the

Elucidation of role HCMV in pathogenesis of glioblastomas is actual task. Objective: To investigate the presence of HCMV in cells of glioblastomas and to compare with immunologic and hematologic exponents of peripheral blood and size of glioma and its clinical features.